Prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among industrial workers

Diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading cause of death among the working-age population of the Russian Federation, which determines the relevance of identifying risk factors for their development in different professional cohorts in order to develop targeted preventive measures. Aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among workers in the production of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers for the subsequent development of targeted preventive measures.

Material and methods. Based on generally accepted sociological, hygienic, clinical-laboratory and epidemiological methods, the prevalence of industrial, behavioral and metabolic factors of cardiovascular risk among workers (137 people) in the production of PAN fibers was studied.

Results and discussions. Factors of labor conditions of workers of PAN fiber production that contribute to the development of circulatory system diseases (CSD) are industrial noise (classes 3.1–3.2), the severity of the work process (classes 3.1–3.3), emotional stress. A high prevalence of behavioral factors of cardiovascular risk has been established: insufficient physical activity (74.8 %), unhealthy diet (67.6 %), smoking (46.7 %), alcohol consumption (81.7 %), arterial hypertension (54.7 %), exceeding the Russian average population level. Metabolic dysfunctions are represented by general (41.6 %) and abdominal (52.5 %) obesity, excess fat mass (81.2 %), insulin resistance (64.2 %) and are combined with hyperglycemia (34.3 %), elevated levels of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (80.2 %), triglycerides (36.7 %) and atherogenic coefficient (30.6 %). High and very high risk of fatal outcomes according to the SCORE scale was revealed in 36.9 % of the examined workers over 40 years old; moderate risk dominated in women (77.4 %), high and very high (52.8 %) in men. CSD occupied the second rank place (16.04 %) in the structure of chronic morbidity after diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (24.3 %). Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, integrative measures for the prevention of CSD have been developed, including the improvement of working conditions, early detection and correction of modifiable risk factors, motivation for a healthy lifestyle and health-preserving behavior, and medical and preventive measures.

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