Cytokine regulation in practically healthy women and patients with miscarriage living in the European North and the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation .

Immunological factors, manifested in the form of systemic and local changes in the immune status, occupy a central place in the etiology of reproductive losses. Cytokins, having primary local effects, with an increase in their concentration in the systemic bloodstream, acquire systemic effects. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of increased and reduced concentrations of cytokines on the immune status of women in the European North and Arctic.

Material and methods. 229 women of reproductive age 20–40 years were examined, of which 209 are practically healthy and 20 patients with miscarriage in the early stages of 5–7 weeks. The immunological parameters of venous blood have been studied depending on the concentration of cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-10 in the blood.

Results. In the practically healthy women of the European North and the Arctic, the increased concentrations of IL-1β (in 29.21 and 59.46 % cases, respectively) are associated with a decrease in the level of mature T-lymphocytes, T-character, and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, activated T-lymphocytes with a transferrin receptor, to IL-2, molecules of the main complex of the main complex histocompatibility of class II and swords with apoptosis against the background of increasing levels of circulating immune complexes. The increase in the concentration of the IFN-γ (by 1.11 and 67.42 % cases, respectively) is interconnected with the suppression of proliferation and apoptosis processes, and the increase in IL-6 level (in 2.22 and 15.73 % cases) ‒ with the activation of cellular-mediated cytotoxicity and adhesive ability of the cell. Increase in concentration of the natural inhibitor of the IL-10 immune reaction (22.52 and 12.34 % cases, respectively) is associated with the decrease in number of leukocytes, of differentiated, activated lymphocytes and cells, swept for death. In women with miscarriage in the early stages in large numbers (85%) decrease in blood IL-10 concentration was recorded, negatively affecting the ability of the fetus during pregnancy due to increased cytotoxicity, activity of NK-lymphocytes, as well as cells programmed to death, and increased reagin production against the background of raised concentration of circulating immune complexes.

Conclusions. Increase of cytokine concentration in the practically healthy women of the European North and Arctic is accompanied by a decrease in the number of all circulating T lymphocytes, mature, T helper, cytotoxic lymphocytes, T lymphocytes with a transferrin receptor, with IL- receptor 2, bearing molecules of the main complex of histocompatibility of class II, and a inhibition in the processes of the proliferation and apoptosis against the background of an increase in the circulating immune complexes concentration, as well as an increase in cellular cytotoxicity and adhesive ability of cells. In women with miscarriage in the early stages there is a deficiency of IL-10, which negatively affects the ability to bear the fetus during pregnancy.

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