The state of the endothelium and the level of neuron-specific markers of nerve tissue damage in rats with chronic malathion intoxication and methods of correction

The state of the vascular endothelium, the severity of neurodegenerative processes, their relationship, as well as possible correction methods for chronic malathion intoxication have not been practically studied. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of the morphological and functional state of the endothelium, the level of markers of brain tissue damage in rats with chronic malathion intoxication, to evaluate the effectiveness of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR), a complex compound of 5-oxy-6-methyluracil with succinic acid (OMU-SA), and L-arginine preparation as correction agents.

Material and methods. The experiments were conducted on male rats in which chronic intoxication was simulated by intragastric administration of malathion at a dose of 0.05 LD50 daily for 90 days. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1, nitrotyrosine, circulating desquamated endothelial cells (CDEC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and protein S-100 in blood serum on days 30, 60, 90, and 120 of the experiment were studied.

Results and discussion. Against the background of chronic intoxication with malathion, rats develop signs of endothelial dysfunction, which are manifested in the form of a progressive increase in the level of CDEC, endothelin-1, nitrotyrosine and a decrease in NO concentration, neurodegenerative processes also develop and the permeability of the blood-brain barrier increases: NSE and protein S-100 levels on day 90 they increase by 1.65 and 2.09 times, respectively. A relationship has been found between the degree of endothelial dysfunction and the severity of neurodegenerative processes in the brain, which has a time dependence; morphological and functional changes in the endothelium precede neurodegenerative changes. LILR, OMU-SA, and the L-arginine preparation correct endothelial dysfunction to the greatest extent when they are used together, as a result of which the content of NSE and protein S-100 in the blood serum is reduced both on day 90 of chronic intoxication malathion and on day 120 in the post-intoxication period, which indicates a decrease in the manifestations of an inflammatory reaction in the brain substance.

Conclusions. Chronic intoxication with malathion is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, the severity of which is reduced by the combined use of LILI, OMU- SA and L-arginine.

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