Application of factor analysis in assessing the effectiveness of wound treatment

Despite the development of surgery, the problem of wound treatment remains relevant today. The effectiveness of therapy is usually assessed by a number of parameters, and the effect of the drug may not be the same in relation to each of them. Therefore, in this regard, it is necessary to apply statistical analysis methods that allow us to reduce the dimensionality of the studied indicators and to identify those that correlate with each other and play a key role in assessing the effectiveness of treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of wound treatment based on factor analysis in experiment.

Material and methods. The course of the wound process was studied using the following parameters on the model of aseptic, infected and purulent-necrotic wounds in Wistar rats: local temperature, wound area, wound size reduction rate, content of creatinine, urea, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activity, hydroxyproline level in wound tissues, wound morphometric parameters and contamination level. The efficacy of the proposed wound dressings was assessed using factor analysis, namely principal component analysis. The resulting principal components were standardized and subsequently categorized into quartiles.

Results and discussion. It was found that the significance of the first factor was 1.9–4.2 times greater than the other factors, which made it the most significant in the subsequent ranking of the normalized variables. Thus, animals in the groups where the treatment was carried out with chitosan-collagen complexes with silver or with lidocaine and dioxidine (respectively in relation to the aseptic and infected wound) always fell into the group with excellent and good treatment results according to the first factor, and the animals receiving chitosan-collagen complexes with silver and chymotrypsin – in 70–100 %.

Conclusions. The use of factor analysis allowed us to reduce the dimensionality of the parameters under study, identify the most important of them and group indicators according to the strength of their correlation. At different stages of the wound healing process, different parameters were combined into factors, which should also be considered when identifying significant markers at different stages of the wound healing process.

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