Change of hemocoagulation and peroxidation processes in patients with circulatory system diseases

There is a lot of evidence about the role of free radical oxidation in homeostasis and in the development of many diseases. Of particular interest are pathological conditions that are accompanied by both activation of free radical oxidation processes and hemocoagulation, which leads to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Diseases of the circulatory system have become one of the most common causes of death worldwide, which are accompanied by activation of the hemostasis system, intravascular coagulation and free radical oxidation. Aim of our study was to investigate spontaneous luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of whole blood and hemocoagulation parameters in patients with diseases of the circulatory system.

Material and methods. Free radical oxidation parameters (chemiluminescence intensity maximum, chemiluminescence intensity decay constant, and luminescence light sum) were determined using a BCLM 3606M biochemiluminometer. Free radical steady state concentration was determined using the Bouguer – Lambert – Beer formula. The rate constant for the transition of free radicals to an excited state, accompanied by the emission of light (k₂), was calculated using Yu.A. Vladimirov's equation in own modification. Platelet hemostasis parameter values were determined by direct impedance measurement using a Sysmex XN-550 analyzer, coagulogram parameter ‒ using a Sysmex CA-1500 analyzer.

Results. In patients with circulatory system diseases, an increase in the large platelets proportion (by 1.16 times, p = 0.05) and a decrease in the prothrombin according to Quick (by 1.22 times, p = 0.04) relative to the control group parameters are observed, an increase in the chemiluminescence intensity maximum (by 1.23 times, p = 0.05) is revealed. The steady state concentration of free radicals is 1.074·10-6 mol/dm3, the reaction rate constant is 3.068·10⁶ (mol/dm³)^-1·s^-1.

Conclusions. In patients with circulatory disorders, intensification of lipid peroxidation processes and activation of hemocoagulation processes are observed, as evidenced by an increase in the maximum intensity of blood spontaneous luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the large platelets proportion and a decrease in prothrombin according to Quick. The value of the rate constant for the transition of free radicals to an excited state, accompanied by the emission of light (k₂), in the blood of patients is 3.068·10⁶ (mol/dm³)^-1·s^-1.

1. Fang W., Xie S., Deng W. Ferroptosis mechanisms and regulations in cardiovascular diseases in the past, present, and future. Cell Biol. Toxicol. 2024;40(1):17. doi: 10.1007/s10565-024-09853-w

2. Tsybikov N.N., Fefelova E.V., Butin E.V., Tsydypova A.E. Disruption of hemostasis in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Zabaykal’skiy meditsinskiy vestnik = The Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin. 2024;(3):112–119. [In Russian]. doi:10.52485/19986173_2024_3_112

3. Tyushnyakova O.P., Ralchenko I.V., Borodina N.Yu., Shmidt S.S., Sagitova A.S., Murav’ev S.A. About parameters and indicators of blood plasma of patients undergoing a course of unloading and dietary therapy. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamental’nykh issledovaniy = International Journal of Applied and Basic Research. 2023;(11):40–45. [In Russian]. doi: 10.17513/mjpfi.13591

4. Durova M.V., Reikhert L.I., Kicherova O.A. Сhanges of lipid peroxidation and structure of the platelet membrane in acute period of ischemic stroke. Meditsinskaya nauka i obrazovaniye Urala = Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2017;18(1):37–40. [In Russian].

5. Vladimirov Yu.A., Proskurnina E.V. Free radicals and cell chemiluminescence. Uspekhi biologicheskoy khimii = Biochemistry (Moscow). 2009;74(13):1545– 1566. doi:10.1134/S0006297909130082

6. Sozarukova M.M., Proskurnina E.V., Vladimirov Yu.A. Serum albumin as a source of and a target for free radicals in pathology Vestnik Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Russian State Medical University. 2016;(1):56–61. [In Russian].

7. Demko I.V., Sobko E.A., Solov’eva I.A., Kraposhina A.Yu., Gordeeva N.V., Anikin D.A. The role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular pathology. Vestnik sovremennoy klinicheskoy meditsiny = Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine. 2022;15(1):107–117. [In Russian]. doi: 10.20969/VSKM.2022.15(1).107-117

8. Brichagina A.S., Dolgikh M.I., Kolesnikova L.R., Natyaganova L.V. Chemiluminescence studies of lipoperoxidation processes in arterial hypertension and stress. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2019;4(1):133– 137. [In Russian]. doi: 10.29413/ABS.2019-4.1.20

9. Vorob’eva O.V., Nikulina K.V., Fateeva V.V. Correlation of oxidative stress and mild cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis: results of a prospective cohort study. Effektivnaya farmakoterapiya = Effective Pharmacotherapy. 2022;(18):12–19. [In Russian]. doi: 10.33978/2307-3586-2022-18-23-12-18

10. Caliceti C., Calabria D., Roda A. A new sensitive and quantitative chemiluminescent assay to monitor intracellular xanthine oxidase activity for rapid screening of inhibitors in living endothelial cells. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2016;408(30):8755–8760. doi: 10.1007/s00216-016-9763-x

11. Ali N., Taher A., Islam N., Sarna N.Z., Islam F. Evaluation of the relationship between xanthine oxidase activity and metabolic syndrome in a population group in Bangladesh. Sci. Rep. 2024;14(1):20380. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71733-4

12. Puzikova O.A., Ralchenko I.V. Determination of the free radical reactions in whole blood of Wistar rats under stress-induced physical exercise. Voprosy biologicheskoy, meditsinskoy i farmatsevticheskoy khimii = Problems of Biological, Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2022; 25(1):50–54. [In Russian]. doi: 10.29296/25877313-2022-01-08

13. Savchenko A.A., Grinshtein Yu.I., Drobysheva A.S. Metabolic support of the respiratory burst in blood and sputum neutrophils of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Pul’monologiya = Pulmonology. 2019;29(2):167–174. [In Russian]. doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2019-29-2-167-174

14. Vladimirov Yu.A., Proskurnina Е.V., Izmajlov D.Yu. Kinetic chemiluminescence as a method for study of free radical reactions. Biophysics. 2011;56(6):1055–1062. doi: 10.1134/S0006350911060200

15. Kozlov A.A., Berkovskiy A.L., Sergeeva E.V., Kishinets R.S., Babenko S.V., Tikhomirova K.V. Work on Sysmex CA-1500 series automatic coagulometers with using of reagents of Renam trademark Technical manual. Available from: clck.ru/3N6P85

16. Durova M.V., Reikhert L.I., Surzhenko A.A. Features of the changes of lipid peroxidation and platelet membrane structures in acute ischemic stroke. Tyumenskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal = Tyumen Medical Journal. 2016;18(2):45–49. [In Russian].

17. Antunes F., Salvador A., Marinho H.S., Alves R., Pinto R.E. Lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial inner membranes. I. An integrative kinetic model. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1996;21(7):917–943. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(96)00185-2

18. Pawluk H., Tafelska-Kaczmarek A., Soposka M., Porzych M., Modrzejewska M., Pawluk M., Kurhaluk N., Tkaczenko H., Kołodziejska R. The influence of oxidative stress markers in patients with ischemic stroke. Biomolecules. 2024;14(9):1130. doi: 10.3390/biom14091130

19. Janero D.R., Hreniuk D., Sharif H.M. Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress to the mammalian heart-muscle cell (cardiomyocyte): nonperoxidative purine and pyrimidine nucleotide depletion. J. Cell. Physiol. 1993;155(3):494-504. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1041550308

20. Puzikova O.A., Borisenkov N.S., Ralchenko I.V. The research of spontaneous luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of blood in patients with digestive system diseases. Izvestiya GGTU. Meditsina, farmatsiya = Izvestiya GSTU. Medicine, pharmacy. 2025;(1(21)):5-10. doi: 10.51620/2687-1521-2025-1-21-5-10

21. Ralchenko I.V., Shalabodov A.D., Ralchenko E.S., Puzikova O.A., Elifanov A.V., Sorokin A.D. The effect of lead intoxication on blood parameters in patients with dust bronchitis and bronchial asthma. Sibirskoe meditsinskoe obozrenie = Siberian Medical Review. 2022;(6):51–57. [In Russian]. doi: 10.20333/25000136-2022-6-51-57

22. Mirsaeva G.Kh., Mironchuk N.N. Features of coagulation hemostasis and anticoagulation system in patients with chronic heart failure due to ischemic heart disease. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal = Kazan Medical Journal. 2015;96(5):716–722. [In Russian]. doi: 10.17750/KMJ2015-716