Effect of genetic polymorphism of P-selectin and E-selectin molecules on lymphocyte-platelet adhesion in patients with hyperthyroidism syndrome

The migration of immunocompetent cells plays a central role in the development of thyroid damage. It involves lymphocyte-platelet adhesion (LPA), which not only promotes cell movement through the vascular wall, but also the relationship between other cellular and humoral mechanisms engaged in the immune defense mechanism, as well as the response of the vascular endothelial wall. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of associations of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of P-selectin gene (SELP) (Thr715Pro), E-selectin gene (SELE) (Leu544Phe and Ser128Arg), the level of their soluble forms sPand sE-selectin and LPA in hyperthyroidism syndrome.

Material and methods. 63 patients with hyperthyroidism syndrome due to diffuse toxic goiter (56 %) and nodular/multi-nodular toxic goiter (44 %) were studied. The control group consisted of 48 practically healthy volunteers, matched for sex and age. The LPA, the polymorphism of the Pand E-selectin genes, the concentration of sPand sE-selectin was determined.

Results and discussion. It was found that in patients suffering from thyrotoxicosis syndrome, the ability of lymphocytes to form bundles with platelets decreases: the number of lymphocyte-platelet coaggregates (LTC) in them was 5.2 [3.9; 6.6] %, while in healthy people it was 14.0 [12.1; 15.2] % (p < 0.05). There is also a decrease in the number of platelets coming into contact with lymphocytes. In patients with thyrotoxicosis with a heterozygous Thr/Pro genotype for the Thr715Pro SNP of the SELP gene, the concentration of sP-selectin is two times lower than in homozygotes Thr/Thr (p < 0.05). The analysis of the sE-selectin content revealed no differences that could depend on the SELE Leu544Phe and Ser128Arg SNP, the effect of these polymorphisms on LPA has also not been established.

Conclusions. In patients with hyperthyroidism, there is a significant decrease in adhesion between lymphocytes and platelets. The concentration of sP-selectin varies depending on patient’s genotype at SELP gene SNP Thr715Pro, which in turn affects LPA to varying degrees.

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