Интерфероны лямбда – возможности терапевтического применения

Интерфероны – группа белковых молекул, обладающих широким спектром воздействия на организм. Интерферон лямбда (интерферон III типа) открыт сравнительно недавно – около 20 лет назад – и является относительно малоизученным. Изучение его свойств и механизмов действия вызывает большой интерес, поскольку, обладая сходством с интерферонами I типа, интерферон лямбда имеет ряд отличительных особенностей, которые создают предпосылки для расширения его клинического применения. В частности, интерферон лямбда продуцируется не всеми клетками организма, а значит, имеет более целенаправленное воздействие, чем интерфероны I типа, что снижает системные побочные эффекты. Обзор посвящен биологической активности экзогенного интерферона лямбда, рассматриваются механизмы противовирусной, противоопухолевой, противогрибковой, иммуномодулирующей активности, а также возможности его применения в клинической практике при таких заболеваниях, как синдром Шегрена, атопическая астма, аутоиммунный артрит, различные опухоли, а также в отношении самых разных, как РНК-, так и ДНК-содержащих вирусов, которые атакуют поверхности анатомических барьеров дыхательных путей, желудочно-кишечного тракта, гематоэнцефалического барьера и печени. Также рассматривается пегилированный рекомбинантный интерферон лямбда, для которого начаты клинические исследования, продемонстрировавшие более высокий профиль безопасности пегилированного интерферона лямбда по сравнению с пегилированным интерфероном альфа.

интерфероны лямбда, клиническое применение, иммунобиологическая терапия, противовирусная терапия, пегилированный интерферон лямбда

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