Features of bone tissue reconstruction in periand postmenopausal women with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aim of the study - to assess the impact of changes in women’s bodies with diabetes mellitus type 1 on the state of bone mineral density and its metabolic rate, to determine the tendency of changes in serum markers of bone remodeling and bone mineral density in peri- and postmenopausal periods in women with this disease. Material and methods: T-score of bone mineral density (by dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry) and serum markers of bone remodeling (alkaline phosphatase activity, amino-terminal propeptide of type I collagen and C-terminal telopeptide), were measured in 57 peri- and postmenopausal women with type 1 diabetes and in the control group consisting of 43 women. Results. The obtained results indicate inconsistency of changes in bone remodeling processes in patients with type 1 diabetes with predominant bone formation changes (35.5 %) vs. bone resorbtion (16.6 %, p < 0.001). A positive correlation between the duration of type 1 diabetes and the level of b-C-terminal telopeptide ( r = 0.465, p = 0.001) was established in postmenopausal women. A negative correlation between the change in the T-score of the femoral neck and duration of diabetes ( r = -0.416, p = 0.04) was found in the subgroup of postmenopausal women. A statistically significant correlation between the T-score of the lumbar spine and the level of C-terminal telopeptide ( r = -0.489, p = 0.003) was revealed. Conclusions. Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with type 1 diabetes demonstrates an earlier and accelerated bone mass loss, especially in the lumbar spine. The bone mass loss in the most of the examined patients is associated with the suppression of bone formation and, to a much lesser extent, with bone resorption, which is significantly accelerated during the late perimenopause and continues at a similar pace in the early years of postmenopause with decrease in the intensity of loss in the subsequent.