sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20230102sibmed-964Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSИстория изучения нервного гребня (обзор)History of the study of the neural crest (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-4096ПахомоваН. Ю.PakhomovaN. Yu.

Наталья Юрьевна Пахомова, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Natalya Yu. Pakhomova, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

NPahomova@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-6982СтроковаЕ. Л.StrokovaE. L.

Елена Леонидовна Строкова, к.б.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Elena L. Strokova, candidate of biological sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

EZavyalova@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9231-5891КорыткинА. А.KorytkinA. A.

Андрей Александрович Корыткин, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Andrey A. Korytkin, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

andrey.korytkin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-3347КожевниковВ. В.KozhevnikovV. V.

Вадим Витальевич Кожевников, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Vadim V. Kozhevnikov, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

vadim-barnaul@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-0089ГусевА. Ф.GusevA. F.

Аркадий Федорович Гусев, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Arkady F. Gusev, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

agusev@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-1615ЗайдманА. М.ZaydmanA. M.

Алла Михайловна Зайдман, д.м.н., проф.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Alla M. Zaydman, doctor of medical sciences, professor

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

zaydmanam@gmail.comНовосибирский НИИ травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна Минздрава РоссииРоссияNovosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation2023230220234311329Copyright © Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Корыткин А.А., Кожевников В.В., Гусев А.Ф., Зайдман А.М., 20232023Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Корыткин А.А., Кожевников В.В., Гусев А.Ф., Зайдман А.М.Pakhomova N.Y., Strokova E.L., Korytkin A.A., Kozhevnikov V.V., Gusev A.F., Zaydman A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/964

Нервный гребень давно привлекает внимание биологов, занимающихся вопросами эволюционного развития, а в последнее время – и клинических специалистов, поскольку исследования последних десятилетий значительно расширили границы познания об участии нервного гребня и его клеток в развитии патологии человека. Нервный гребень и клетки нервного гребня – это уникальная эволюционно-обоснованная эмбриональная структура. Его открытие полностью изменило видение процесса эмбриогенеза. Знания о развитии нервного гребня проливают свет на многие из самых «устоявшихся» вопросов биологии развития и эволюции. В статье отражены исторические этапы открытия и изучения нервного гребня и влияние этого открытия на укоренившиеся представления о специфичности зародышевых листков и теорию зародышевых слоев – рассуждения о нервном гребне как четвертом зародышевом листке. Целью настоящего обзора является описание истории открытия и изучения нервного гребня и его клеток на основе анализа литературных данных. При написании статьи выполнен анализ научных литературных источников по поисковым словосочетаниям «нервный гребень», «клетки нервного гребня», «морфология клеток нервного гребня», «зародышевые листки», «эмбриональное развитие» в базах данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary. Глубина аналитического поиска соответствует периоду открытия нервного гребня и первому упоминанию его как эмбриональной морфологической структуры в научной литературе. Представленная информация подтверждает высокий интерес ученых-исследователей и клинических специалистов в изучении нервного гребня и его клеток. Особое внимание в последние десятилетия уделяется участию клеток нервного гребня в формировании соматических патологий и патологий костно-мышечной системы. Источники литературы представлены 169 полнотекстовыми рукописями и монографиями в основном на английском языке. Заключение. Нервный гребень и его клетки являются уникальными эволюционными структурами. Закономерности образования, причины, обусловливающие процесс миграции, дифференцировки, взаимодействия клеток нервного гребня с другими структурами в эмбриогенезе, а также их потенциал, который реализуется в постнатальном периоде, продолжает быть предметом исследования и в настоящее время.

The neural crest has long attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists and, more recently, clinical specialists, as research in recent decades has significantly expanded the boundaries of knowledge about the involvement of neural crest and neural crest cells in the development of human pathology. The neural crest and neural crest cells are a unique evolutionarily based embryonic structure. Its discovery completely changed the view of the process of embryogenesis. Knowledge of neural crest development sheds light on many of the most «established» questions of developmental biology and evolution. Our article will reflect on the historical stages of the discovery and study of the neural crest and the impact of this discovery on entrenched ideas about germ layer specificity and the theory of germ layers – the reasoning of the neural crest as the fourth germ layer. The aim of this review is to describe the history of the discovery and study of neural crest and neural crest cells based on an analysis of the literature. In writing this article, an analysis of the scientific literature was conducted using the search terms «neural crest», «neural crest cells», «neural crest cell morphology», «germinal layers» and «embryonic development» in the computer databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLibrary. The depth of the analytical search corresponds to the period of the discovery of the neural crest and the first mention of the neural crest as an embryonic morphological structure in the scientific literature. The information presented confirms the high interest of research scientists and clinical specialists in the study of neural crest and neural crest cells. The involvement of neural crest cells in the formation of somatic and musculoskeletal pathologies has received particular attention in recent decades. The literature sources are represented by 169 full-text manuscripts and monographs mainly in English. Conclusions. Neural crest and neural crest cells are unique evolutionary structures. Regularities of formation, reasons which condition migration, differentiation, interaction of neural crest cells with other structures during embryogenesis as well as their potential, which is realized in postnatal period, continue to be the subject of research up to now.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.