sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20220405sibmed-839Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВрожденный вывих бедра – теории, этиологические и предрасполагающие факторы (факторы риска)Congenital dislocation of the hip – theories, etiological and predisposing factors (risk factors)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-4096ПахомоваН. Ю.PakhomovaN. Yu.

Наталья Юрьевна Пахомова, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Natalya Yu. Pakhomova, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

NPahomova@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-6982СтроковаЕ. Л.StrokovaE. L.

Елена Леонидовна Строкова, к.б.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Elena L. Strokova, candidate of biological sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

EZavyalova@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-3347КожевниковВ. В.KozhevnikovV. V.

Вадим Витальевич Кожевников, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Vadim V. Kozhevnikov, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

vadim-barnaul@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-0089ГусевА. Ф.GusevA. F.

Аркадий Федорович Гусев, к.м.н.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Arkady F. Gusev, candidate of medical sciences

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

agusev@niito.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-1615ЗайдманА. М.ZaydmanA. M.

Алла Михайловна Зайдман, д.м.н., проф.

630091, г. Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17

Alla M. Zaydman, doctor of medical sciences, professor

630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze str., 17

zaydmanam@gmail.comНовосибирский НИИ травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна Минздрава РоссииРоссияNovosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation2022270820224246273Copyright © Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Кожевников В.В., Гусев А.Ф., Зайдман А.М., 20222022Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Кожевников В.В., Гусев А.Ф., Зайдман А.М.Pakhomova N.Y., Strokova E.L., Kozhevnikov V.V., Gusev A.F., Zaydman A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/839

По результатам современных статистических данных, во всем мире врожденные ортопедические патологии занимают второе место в количественном отношении после врожденных заболеваний нервной системы. Врожденный вывих бедра относится к наиболее распространенной и тяжелой патологии опорно-двигательного аппарата у детей и подростков. Теории его развития и этиологические факторы не только представляют исторический интерес, но и создают предпосылки к определению истинной причины этого сложного процесса. Актуальной остается проблема прогнозирования развития дисплазии тазобедренных суставов. Практическое значение заключается в определении этиологического фактора (предрасполагающих или факторов риска) возникновения или проявлении заболевания. Анализ литературных данных позволяет предположить, что он основывается на генетическом субстрате. Предрасполагающие факторы лишь повышают риск манифестации патологии. Дальнейшие исследования по определению этиологического фактора позволят сформулировать более конкретные рекомендации по ведению пациентов с дисплазией тазобедренного сустава и, возможно, расширят методы профилактики и консервативного лечения.

According to current statistics worldwide, congenital orthopedic pathologies rank second quantitatively after congenital diseases of the nervous system. Congenital dislocation of the hip is one of the most common and severe pathologies of the musculoskeletal system in children and adolescents. The theories of its development and etiological factors are not only of historical interest but also create prerequisites for determining the true cause of this complex process. The problem of predicting the development of hip dysplasia remains relevant. The practical significance lies in determining the etiological factor (predisposing or risk factors) of the disease onset or manifestation. Analysis of the literature suggests that hip dysplasia is based on a genetic substrate as an etiological factor. Predisposing factors only increase the risk of pathology manifestation. Further studies to determine the etiological factor will make it possible to formulate more specific recommendations for the management of patients with hip dysplasia and possibly expand the methods of prevention and conservative treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.