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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20260309</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2976</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультиплексная ПЦР в определении тактики антибактериальной терапии у пациентов с подозрением на культуронегативную перипротезную инфекцию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multiplex PCR in determining the tactics of antibacterial therapy in patients with suspected culture-negative periprosthetic infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5750-4459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любимова Людмила Валентиновна</p><p>428020, г. Чебоксары, ул. Федора Гладкова, 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Lyubimova</p><p>428020, Cheboksary, Fyodora Gladkova st., 33</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisova-80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-7866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Светлана Ивановна, д.м.н., проф.,</p><p>428015, г. Чебоксары, Московский пр., 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Pavlova, doctor of medical sciences, professor</p><p>428015, Cheboksary, Moskovsky ave., 15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">flavonoid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любимов Евгений Александрович</p><p>428020, г. Чебоксары, ул. Федора Гладкова, 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Lyubimov</p><p>428020, Cheboksary, Fyodora Gladkova st., 33</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e_lyubimov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный центр травматологии, ортопедии и эндопротезирования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics and Arthroplasty of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>46</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Любимова Л.В., Павлова С.И., Любимов Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Любимова Л.В., Павлова С.И., Любимов Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyubimova L.V., Pavlova S.I., Lyubimov E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2976">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2976</self-uri><abstract><p>Дифференциальный диагноз между культуронегативной (КН) перипротезной инфекцией (ППИ) и асептическим расшатыванием эндопротеза вызывает сложности. Частота КН ППИ после эндопротезирования коленных и тазобедренных суставов варьирует от 7 до 42 %, что связано с трудностями культивирования низковирулентных бактерий, которые могут быть вовлечены в инфекционный процесс. Решение проблемы идентификации возбудителей инфекции с отрицательным результатом микробиологического исследования может осуществляться молекулярно-генетическими методами диагностики. Цель исследования – оценить возможности мультиплексной ПЦР в реальном времени в определении тактики назначения антибактериальной терапии пациентам с нестабильностью эндопротезов крупных суставов с подозрением на КН ППИ.Материал и методы. Проведено одноцентровое проспективное исследование 151 случая ревизионного хирургического лечения по поводу нестабильности эндопротезов крупных суставов. Пациенты были разделены на две группы на основе критериев Международного согласительного совещания (International Consensus Meeting, ICM) 2018 г.: группа 1 (n = 108) — асептическая нестабильность, группа 2 (n = 43) – ППИ с отрицательным микробиологическим посевом. Исследовали синовиальную жидкость, тканевые биоптаты, смывы с удаленных имплантатов после ультразвуковой обработки. Все образцы были тестированы с помощью мультиплексной ПЦР в реальном времени с использованием тест-систем «БакСкрин УПМ» и «БакРезиста GLA».Результаты. Положительный результат мПЦР в группе 1 получен в 1,9 % (2 из 108), в группе 2 – в 79,1 % (34 из 43) случаев. ROC-анализ показал высокую диагностическую эффективность мультиплексной ПЦР: чувствительность – 79 %, специфичность – 98 %, точность – 93 %, площадь под ROC-кривой (AUC) – 0,889. Всего получено 36 положительных результатов мультиплексной ПЦР: общая бактериальная масса обнаружена в 41,7 % (n = 15); гены Staphylococcus species – в 44,4 % (n = 16), S. aureus – в 16,7 % (n = 6), Streptococcus spp. – в 5,6 % (n = 2), Enterococcus spp. – в 2,8 % (n = 1), Acinetobacter spp. – в 2,8 % (n = 1) случаев.Заключение. Мультиплексная ПЦР в реальном времени является ценным инструментом для оптимизации хирургической тактики и назначения целенаправленной антибактериальной терапии у пациентов с нестабильностью эндопротезов крупных суставов и отрицательными результатами микробиологического исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Differential diagnosis between culture-negative periprosthetic infection (CNI) and aseptic loosening of the endoprosthesis is difficult. The frequency of CNI after knee and hip arthroplasty varies from 7 to 42 %. This is due to the difficulties of culturing low-virulence bacteria that may be involved in the infectious process. The problem of identifying pathogens with negative culture can be solved by molecular genetic diagnostic methods. Aim of the study – to evaluate the capabilities of multiplex real-time PCR in determining the tactics of prescribing antibacterial therapy to patients with instability of large joint endoprostheses with suspected periprosthetic infection with a negative result of microbiological culture.Material and methods. A single-center prospective study of 151 cases of revision surgery for instability of large joint endoprostheses was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups based on the International Consensus Meeting (ICM) criteria (2018): group 1 (n = 108) – aseptic instability, group 2 (n = 43) — PJI with negative microbiological culture. Synovial fluid, tissue biopsies, and washings from removed implants after ultrasonic treatment were examined. All samples were tested using multiplex real-time PCR using the BakScreen UPM and BakResista GLA test systems.Results. A positive PCR result was obtained in 1.9 % of cases (2 of 108) in group 1 and in 79.1 % (34 of 43) in group 2. ROC analysis showed high diagnostic efficiency of multiplex PCR: sensitivity – 79 %, specificity – 98 %, accuracy — 93 %, area under ROC curve (AUC) – 0.889. In total, positive multiplex PCR results were obtained in 36 patients’ biological material: total bacterial mass – in 41.7 % (n = 15) cases; genes of Staphylococcus species – in 44.4 % (n = 16), S. aureus – in 16.7 % (n = 6), Streptococcus spp. – in 5.6 % (n = 2), Enterococcus spp. – in 2.8 % (n = 1), Acinetobacter spp. – in 2.8 % (n = 1).Conclusions. Multiplex real-time PCR is a valuable tool for optimizing surgical tactics and prescribing targeted antibacterial therapy in patients with instability of large joint endoprostheses and negative results of microbiological testing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>культуронегативная перипротезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>нестабильность эндопротеза</kwd><kwd>мультиплексная ПЦР</kwd><kwd>диагностика ППИ</kwd><kwd>критерии ICM</kwd><kwd>гены антибиотикорезистентности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>culture-negative periprosthetic infection</kwd><kwd>endoprosthetic instability</kwd><kwd>multiplex PCR</kwd><kwd>diagnosis of PPI</kwd><kwd>ICM criteria</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance genes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sabah S.A., Knight R., Alvand A., Murray D.W., Petrou S., Beard D.J., Price A.J. 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