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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20260205</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2822</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАТОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANATOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Древнее хирургическое вмешательство на височно-  нижнечелюстном суставе и анатомия зубочелюстного аппарата женщины пазырыкской культуры на плато Укок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ancient surgical intervention on the temporomandibular joint and anatomy of the dental-maxillary apparatus of a woman of the Pazyryk culture on the Ukok plateau</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-4083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Летягин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Letyagin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Летягин Андрей Юрьевич, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>630117, г. Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Letyagin, doctor of medical sciences, professor</p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">letyagin-andrey@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-265X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полосьмак</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polosmak</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полосьмак Наталья Викторовна, д.и.н., чл.-корр. РАН</p><p>630090, Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Polosmak, doctor of historical sciences, corresponding member of the RAS</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., 17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polosmaknatalia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9220-8663</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каныгин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanygin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каныгин Владимир Владимирович, к.м.н.</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Kanygin, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanigin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5332-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савелов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савелов Андрей Александрович, к.ф.-м.н.</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Институтская, 3А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Savelov, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Institutskaya st., 3A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">as@tomo.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5645-3815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кречетова</surname><given-names>У. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krechetova</surname><given-names>U. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кречетова Ульяна Николаевна</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 6/6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulyana N. Krechetova</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., 6/6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ul.krechetova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1432-4119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюстин</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyustin</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюстин Руслан Евгеньевич</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan E. Tyustin</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.tyustin@g.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology − Branch of the Federal Research Center &#13;
Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт «Международный томографический центр» СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Tomography Center of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО «Сибирский научно-исследовательский центр медицины и биотехнологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization “Siberian Research Center for Medicine and Biotechnology”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>46</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Летягин А.Ю., Полосьмак Н.В., Каныгин В.В., Савелов А.А., Кречетова У.Н., Тюстин Р.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Летягин А.Ю., Полосьмак Н.В., Каныгин В.В., Савелов А.А., Кречетова У.Н., Тюстин Р.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Letyagin A.Y., Polosmak N.V., Kanygin V.V., Savelov A.A., Krechetova U.N., Tyustin R.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2822">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2822</self-uri><abstract><p>Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) и рентгеновская компьютерная томография (РКТ) – современные визуализационные цифровые технологии, позволяющие исследовать останки древних людей без разрушения объектов исследования, с возможностью получения новых данных. Цель исследования – изучить анатомию и возможные изменения черепа женщины пазырыкской культуры (V–III вв. до н. э.). Материал и методы. Костный скелет мозгового и лицевого черепа с остаточными элементами мягких тканей – голова женщины 30–35 лет европеоидного типа из захоронения в кургане 2 могильника Верх-Кальджин-2 (III в. до н. э., плато Укок). Выполнены РКТ- и МРТ-исследования. 3D-обработка пакетов томограмм выполнена посредством программного обеспечения RadiAnt DICOM Viewer. Результаты и их обсуждение. Состояние зубных рядов укладывается в возраст археологического объекта в пределах 30–35 лет. По выявленным изменениям смоделированы особенности жизни людей, принадлежащих к древней культуре скотоводов Горного Алтая. За некоторое время до смерти женщина перенесла тяжелую черепно-мозговую травму с деформацией и смещением костей мозгового черепа, подвывихом и разрывом капсульно-связочного аппарата правого височно-нижнечелюстного сустава. Ей было выполнено хирургическое пособие для восстановления функции правого височно-нижнечелюстного сустава, которое помогло обеспечить подвижность нижней челюсти. После этого жизнь женщины продолжалась еще некоторое время, но в возрасте 30–35 лет она была похоронена на плато Укок (около 2,5 тыс. лет назад).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) are modern digital imaging technologies that allow the study of the remains of ancient people without destroying the objects of study, with the possibility of obtaining new data. Aim of the study was to investigate the anatomy and possible changes in the skull of a woman of the Pazyryk culture (5th-3rd centuries BC). Material and methods. The bone skeleton of the cranial and facial skull, with residual elements of soft tissues – the head of a 30–35 year old woman of the Caucasian type from the burial in mound 2, Verkh-Kaldzhin 2 burial ground (3rd century BC, Ukok plateau). X-ray, CT and MRI studies were performed. 3D processing of tomogram packages was performed using RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software. Results and discussion. The condition of the dentition fits into the age of the archaeological object within 30–35 years. Based on the identified changes, the life features of people belonging to the ancient culture of pastoralists of the Altai Mountains were modeled. Some time before her death, the woman had suffered a severe craniocerebral injury with deformation and displacement of the cranial bones, with subluxation and rupture of the capsular-ligamentous apparatus of the right temporomandibular joint. She underwent surgery to restore the function of the right temporomandibular joint, which helped ensure the mobility of the lower jaw. After that, woman’s life continued for some time, but at the age of 30–35 she was buried on the Ukok plateau (about 2.5 thousand years ago).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>череп женщины</kwd><kwd>пазырыкская культура (III в. до н. э.)</kwd><kwd>верхняя и нижняя челюсти</kwd><kwd>височно-нижнечелюстной сустав</kwd><kwd>артифициальные изменения</kwd><kwd>патологические изменения</kwd><kwd>возрастные изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skull of a woman of the Pazyryk culture (3rd century BC)</kwd><kwd>upper and lower jaws</kwd><kwd>temporomandibular joint</kwd><kwd>artificial changes</kwd><kwd>pathological changes</kwd><kwd>age-related changes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке госзадания FWNR-2023-0008 (НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН), FWZG-2025-0001 (Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН), FSUS-2025-0008 (Новосибирский государственный университет)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the state assignment FWNR-2023-0008 (Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology − Branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS), FWZG-2025-0001 (Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of SB RAS), FSUS-2025-0008 (Novosibirsk State University)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovan, L., Nanni, L. 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