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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20260109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о динамике структурной коннективности моторной сети в процессе интерактивной реабилитации раннего восстановительного периода инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the dynamics of structural connectivity of the motor network during interactive rehabilitation in the early recovery period after stroke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9455-0701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новиков Денис Андреевич</p><p>630060, Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis A. Novikov</p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Timakova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loreinds32@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9799-8412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клебанский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klebansky</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клебанский Денис Витальевич</p><p>630060, Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2; 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Klebansky</p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Timakova st., 2; 630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ritmandme@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5332-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савелов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савелов Андрей Александрович - к.ф.-м.н.</p><p>630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2; 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Институтская, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Savelov - candidate of physical and mathematical sciences.</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2; 630090, Novosibirsk, Institutskaya st., 3a</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">as@tomo.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-4113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тулупов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulupov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тулупов Андрей Александрович - д.м.н., проф., чл.-корр. РАН.</p><p>630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2; 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Институтская, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Tulupov - doctor of medical sciences, professor, corresponding member of RAS.</p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogova st., 2; 630090, Novosibirsk, Institutskaya st., 3a</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taa@tomo.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2326-4709</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штарк</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtark</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Штарк Марк Борисович - д.б.н., проф., акад. РАН.</p><p>630060, Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mark B. Shtark - doctor of biological sciences, professor, academician of RAS.</p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Timakova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mark_shtark@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины; Новосибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine; Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный университет; Институт «Международный томографический центр» СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University; International Tomography Center of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>46</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новиков Д.А., Клебанский Д.В., Савелов А.А., Тулупов А.А., Штарк М.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новиков Д.А., Клебанский Д.В., Савелов А.А., Тулупов А.А., Штарк М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikov D.A., Klebansky D.V., Savelov A.A., Tulupov A.A., Shtark M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2721">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2721</self-uri><abstract><p>Инсульт сопровождается не только локальными повреждениями, но и перестройкой сетевой организации мозга, включая моторные зоны и межполушарные взаимодействия. Современные методы диффузионной МРТ позволяют изучать динамику микроструктуры белого и серого вещества, однако классическая тензорная модель ограничена в оценке сложной архитектуры волокон. Введение куртозисного подхода повышает чувствительность к неоднородностям ткани, что делает его перспективным инструментом для анализа нейропластичности в условиях реабилитации.</p><p>Цель исследования – количественно описать динамику диффузионных (тензорных и куртозисных) метрик в моторной сети в ходе нейробиоуправления с применением функциональной МРТ (фМРТ) и ЭЭГ, а также определить прогностические маркеры терапевтической эффективности интерактивной нейрореабилитации.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 14 пациентов (10 мужчин, 4 женщины) со средним возрастом 58 лет, перенесших ишемический инсульт в пределах 6 месяцев. Пациенты были рандомизированы в основную группу, проходившую курс фМРТ-ЭЭГ-нейробиоуправления (n = 7), и контрольную, получавшую только стандартную реабилитацию (n = 7). Всем обследуемым выполнялись три последовательных этапа клинической оценки и нейровизуализации (до терапии, после курса и через 6 месяцев). Применялись методы диффузионно-тензорной (ДТ-МРТ) и диффузионно-куртозной МРТ (ДК-МРТ) для анализа показателей куртозиса в сером и белом веществе, включая премоторную и дополнительную моторную кору, а также мозолистое тело.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В сером веществе к позднему этапу наблюдения выявлено снижение показателей куртозисной фракционной анизотропии (kFA), более выраженное у контрольной группы, что трактовалось как уменьшение упорядоченности клеточной структуры. В белом веществе фиксировались признаки аксональной потери и демиелинизации в зоне инсульта, сопровождавшиеся ремоделированием волокон по данным трактографии. Основная группа демонстрировала тенденцию к формированию новых межполушарных связей через II–III сегменты мозолистого тела, тогда как в контроле преобладали процессы уплотнения существующих проводящих путей. Клинические показатели в основной группе улучшались значительнее (шкала Рэнкина, Фугл – Мейера, сила хвата, тест «Коробка и кубики» (Box-and-Blocks), опросник CES-D для оценки депрессии). Обсуждение. Полученные данные подтверждают комплементарность ДТ-МРТ и ДКМРТ: первая более чувствительна к изменениям миелинизации и аксональной целостности, тогда как куртозис позволяет выявлять микроструктурные перестройки коры. Обнаруженные корреляции между диффузионными метриками и функциональными результатами подчеркивают прогностический потенциал этих параметров для оценки эффективности реабилитации.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Интерактивная нейрореабилитация способствует перестройке моторной сети на структурном уровне и сопровождается выраженным клиническим улучшением. Диффузионные показатели, включая фракционную анизотропию, радиальную диффузивность и kFA, могут служить объективными биомаркерами нейропластичности и эффективности терапии в раннем восстановительном периоде инсульта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke leads not only to local damage but also to large-scale reorganization of brain networks, including motor regions and interhemispheric interactions. Modern diffusion MRI methods allow for the study of microstructural dynamics in white and gray matter; however, the classical tensor model has limitations in describing complex fiber architectures. The introduction of kurtosis-based approaches increases sensitivity to tissue heterogeneity, making it a promising tool for analyzing neuroplasticity in the context of rehabilitation.</p><p>The objective of the research is to provide a quantitative description of the dynamics of diffusion-based metrics (both tensor and kurtosis) in the motor network under functional MRIand EEG-guided neurofeedback and to identify prognostic markers of therapeutic efficacy of interactive neurorehabilitation.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Fourteen patients (10 men, 4 women; mean age 58 years) who had experienced ischemic stroke within the previous 6 months were enrolled. Patients were randomized into the main group (n = 7), which underwent an fMRI-EEG neurofeedback course, and the control group (n = 7), which received only standard rehabilitation. Each participant underwent three consecutive stages of clinical and neuroimaging assessment (before therapy, immediately after the course, and at 6-month follow-up). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used for tract reconstruction, and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) – for analyzing kurtosis parameters in gray and white matter, including the premotor and supplementary motor cortices as well as the corpus callosum.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In gray matter, late-stage follow-up revealed a decrease in kurtosis fractional anisotropy (kFA), more pronounced in the control group, interpreted as a decline in microstructural organization. In white matter, signs of axonal loss and demyelination were observed in the lesion area, accompanied by fiber remodeling detected by tractography. The main group demonstrated a trend toward the formation of new interhemispheric connections via the II–III segments of the corpus callosum, while the control group showed predominantly densification of pre-existing pathways. Clinical outcomes improved significantly more in the main group (modified Rankin scale, Fugl–Meyer scale, handgrip strength, Box-and-Blocks test, CES-D questionnaire (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale)). Discussion. The findings confirm the complementarity of DTI and DKI: the former is more sensitive to myelination and axonal integrity, while kurtosis enables detection of cortical microstructural changes. Correlations between diffusion metrics and functional outcomes highlight their prognostic value in assessing rehabilitation efficacy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Interactive neurorehabilitation promotes structural reorganization of the motor network and leads to significant clinical improvement. Diffusion metrics, including fractionation anisotropy, radial diffusion, and kFA, may serve as objective biomarkers of neuroplasticity and therapeutic effectiveness in the early recovery period after stroke.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>диффузионная МРТ</kwd><kwd>куртозис</kwd><kwd>моторная сеть</kwd><kwd>нейропластичность</kwd><kwd>интерактивная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>фМРТ-ЭЭГ-нейробиоуправление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>diffusion MRI</kwd><kwd>kurtosis</kwd><kwd>motor network</kwd><kwd>neuroplasticity</kwd><kwd>interactive rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>fMRI-EEGneurofeedback</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины. Савелов А.А. и Тулупов А.А. благодарят Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ за доступ к МРТи ЭЭГ-оборудованию</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine. Savelov A.A. and Tulupov A.A. thank the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for granting access to the MRI and EEG equipment</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhuravleva K.V., Savelov A.A., Korostyshevskaya A.M., Shtark M.B. Diffusional characteristics of brain matter after stroke. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2022;172(4):402–406. doi: 10.1007/s10517-02205402-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhuravleva K.V., Savelov A.A., Korostyshevskaya A.M., Shtark M.B. 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