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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250625</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2609</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ субпопуляционного состава иммунокомпетентных клеток синовиальной оболочки и периферической крови при различной активности ревматоидного артрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the subpopulation composition of immunocompetent cells in the synovial membrane and peripheral blood in relation to rheumatoid arthritis activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-7185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelchenko</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омельченко Виталий Олегович - к.м.н.</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly O. Omelchenko - сandidate of medical sciences.</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.o.omelchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9944-356X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилова Александра Николаевна</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra N. Danilova</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.danilova1@g.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-3256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акимова Анна Александровна</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Akimova</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anya-zemtsova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-3998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Михаил Александрович – к.м.н.</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Karpov - сandidate of medical sciences.</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpov-ma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-0939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овчинников Виктор Сергеевич</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor S. Ovchinnikov</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovch.v.s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-0847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королев Максим Александрович - д.м.н.</p><p>630117, Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim A. Korolev - doctor of medical sciences.</p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>256</fpage><lpage>262</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Омельченко В.О., Данилова А.Н., Акимова А.А., Карпов М.А., Овчинников В.С., Королев М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омельченко В.О., Данилова А.Н., Акимова А.А., Карпов М.А., Овчинников В.С., Королев М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omelchenko V.O., Danilova A.N., Akimova A.A., Karpov M.A., Ovchinnikov V.S., Korolev M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2609">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2609</self-uri><abstract><p>Ревматоидный артрит (РА) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, приводящее к необратимому структурному повреждению суставов и инвалидизации. Даже при использовании современных подходов к терапии часть пациентов демонстрирует устойчивую активность воспаления, что подчеркивает актуальность поиска прогностических маркеров эффективности лечения. В настоящее время все больше внимания уделяется морфологическим особенностям ремоделирования синовиальной оболочки и субпопуляционному составу лимфоцитов в периферической крови у больных РА.</p><p>Целью нашего исследования было изучить ассоциации между особенностями субпопуляционного состава иммунокомпетентных клеток в синовиальной оболочке сустава и периферической крови больных РА различной степени активности.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 52 пациента, в том числе 40 больных РА и 12 лиц с остеоартритом в качестве группы сравнения. Проводились общеклиническое обследование больных, оценка активности заболевания (СОЭ, содержание С-реактивного белка, комплексные индексы активности), исследование субпопуляционного состава лимфоцитов периферической крови. У больных РА с синовитом коленного сустава выполнялась тонкоигольная биопсия синовиальной оболочки сустава под ультразвуковым контролем.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Установлена положительная ассоциация количества CD4⁺ Т-клеток в синовии с клинической активностью РА, при этом в периферической крови наблюдалась обратная зависимость. Полученные результаты раскрывают дополнительные аспекты локального иммунного ответа при РА и подчеркивают перспективность анализа синовиальных биоптатов для персонализации терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У больных РА различной степени активности выявлены разнонаправленные ассоциации количества Т-хелперов (CD4+) в синовиальной оболочке пораженных суставов и в периферической крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to irreversible structural joint damage and disability. Even with modern therapeutic approaches, a subset of patients continues to exhibit persistent inflammatory activity, which underscores the importance of identifying prognostic markers of treatment efficacy. Increasing attention is currently being paid to the morphological features of synovial membrane remodeling and to the subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of RA patients.</p><p>The aim of our study was to investigate associations between the subpopulation profile of immunocompetent cells in the synovial membrane and in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis of varying disease activity.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 52 patients, including 40 with RA and 12 with osteoarthritis as a comparison group. All patients underwent standard clinical evaluation, disease activity assessment (ESR, C-reactive protein content, composite activity indices), and peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulation analysis. In RA patients with knee synovitis, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the synovial membrane was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. A positive association between the number of CD4⁺ T cells in the synovium and clinical disease activity in RA is revealed, whereas an inverse relationship was observed in peripheral blood. These findings provide additional insights into local immune responses in RA and highlight the potential of synovial biopsy analysis for therapy personalization.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In patients with RA of varying disease activity, divergent associations were identified between the number of CD4⁺ T helper cells in the synovial membrane of affected joints and in peripheral blood.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>синовиальная оболочка</kwd><kwd>синовиальная биопсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>synovial membrane</kwd><kwd>synovial biopsy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках Государственного задания НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиала ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН, № темы FWNR-2023-0009</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted within the framework of the State Assignment of the Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – a branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS, topic number FWNR-2023-0009</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации «Ревматоидный артрит» (одобрены Минздравом России) Режим доступа: https://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&amp;base=LAW&amp;n=495885#Q6LjXlUa2ptM79ql</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinical guidelines “Rheumatoid arthritis” (approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia). 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