sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20250614sibmed-2593Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSДендритно-клеточные вакцины в иммунотерапии гинекологических злокачественных новообразований: современные стратегии и клинические перспективыDendritic cell vaccines in immunotherapy of gynecological malignancies: current strategies and clinical perspectiveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890ФранциянцЕ. М.FrantsiyantsE. M.

Франциянц Елена Михайловна - д.б.н., проф.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Elena M. Frantsiyants - doctor of biological sciences, professor.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

super.gormon@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-8271БандовкинаВ. А.BandovkinaV. A.

Бандовкина Валерия Ахтямовна - д.б.н.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Valerija A. Bandovkina - doctor of biological sciences.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

valerryana@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086НескубинаИ. В.NeskubinaI. V.

Нескубина Ирина Валерьевна - д.б.н.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Irina V. Neskubina - doctor of biological sciences.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

neskubina.irina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7968-5078МеньшенинаА. П.MensheninaA. P.

Меньшенина Анна Петровна - д.м.н.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Anna P. Menshenina - doctor of medical sciences.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

anna.menshenina.00@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-2164МоисеенкоТ. И.MoiseenkoT. I.

Моисеенко Татьяна Ивановна - д.м.н., проф.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Tatiana I. Moiseenko - doctor of medical sciences, professor.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

super.gormon@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-8658-8902ОзерковаЕ. А.OzerkovaE. A.

Озеркова Елена Александровна

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Elena A. Ozerkova

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

eozerkova@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-7587СуриковаЕ. И.SurikovaE. I.

Сурикова Екатерина Игоревна - к.б.н.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Ekaterina I. Surikova - candidate of biological sciences.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

sunsur2000@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655ШихляроваА. И.ShikhlyarovaA. I.

Шихлярова Алла Ивановна - д.б.н., проф.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, 63

Alla I. Shikhlyarova - doctor of biological sciences, professor.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14 line st., 63

shikhliarova.a@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for Oncology of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation202529012026456147159Copyright © Франциянц Е.М., Бандовкина В.А., Нескубина И.В., Меньшенина А.П., Моисеенко Т.И., Озеркова Е.А., Сурикова Е.И., Шихлярова А.И., 20262026Франциянц Е.М., Бандовкина В.А., Нескубина И.В., Меньшенина А.П., Моисеенко Т.И., Озеркова Е.А., Сурикова Е.И., Шихлярова А.И.Frantsiyants E.M., Bandovkina V.A., Neskubina I.V., Menshenina A.P., Moiseenko T.I., Ozerkova E.A., Surikova E.I., Shikhlyarova A.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2593

Иммунотерапевтические вакцины представляют собой перспективное направление в лечении онкологических заболеваний. В последние годы достигнут значительный прогресс в понимании механизмов взаимодействия иммунной системы с опухолевыми клетками и разработке стратегий преодоления опухолевой иммуносупрессии. Цель исследования – систематизировать современные данные о разработке и клиническом применении дендритно-клеточных (ДК) вакцин для лечения гинекологического рака, оценить их эффективность, обозначить ключевые ограничения и перспективные стратегии для повышения противоопухолевого ответа. Материал и методы. Для написания литературного обзора были использованы базы данных PubMed, Google Scholar и eLIBRARY.RU. Результаты. Клинические исследования демонстрируют, что ДК-вакцины способны индуцировать специфический противоопухолевый иммунный ответ, повышая безрецидивную и общую выживаемость у больных гинекологическими раками. Наибольшая эффективность наблюдается при комбинации с химиотерапией, особенно при использовании персонализированных вакцин на основе аутологичных опухолевых лизатов или неоантигенов. Однако к ограничениям их широкого использования относятся гетерогенность иммунного ответа, сложность производства и необходимость оптимизации времени введения относительно других методов лечения. Заключение. ДК-вакцины представляют собой перспективное направление иммунотерапии гинекологических злокачественных новообразований, но требуют дальнейших исследований для преодоления существующих ограничений. Разработка персонализированных подходов и комбинированных стратегий может значительно повысить их клиническую эффективность.

Immunotherapeutic vaccines are a promising direction in the treatment of oncological diseases. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of interaction between the immune system and tumor cells and in developing strategies to overcome tumor immunosuppression. Aim of the study was to systematize modern data on the development and clinical use of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines for the treatment of gynecological cancer, evaluate their effectiveness, identify key limitations and promising strategies for enhancing the antitumor response. Material and methods. The PubMed, Google Scholar and eLIBRARY.RU databases were used to write the literature review. Results. Clinical studies demonstrate that DC vaccines are capable of inducing a specific antitumor immune response, increasing relapse-free and overall survival in patients with gynecological cancers. The greatest efficiency is observed in combination with chemotherapy, especially when using personalized vaccines based on autologous tumor lysates or neoantigens. However, limitations to their widespread use include response heterogeneity, manufacturing complexity, and the need to optimize the timing of administration relative to other treatments. Conclusions. DC vaccines represent a promising direction for immunotherapy of gynecologic malignancies, but require further research to overcome current limitations. The development of personalized approaches and combination strategies could significantly improve their clinical effectiveness.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.