<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250603</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2583</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Минимально-манипулированные клеточные продукты жировой ткани и костного мозга для восстановления костной ткани, что выбрать? Систематический обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minimally manipulated adipose tissue and bone marrow cellular products for bone tissue regeneration: what to choose? A systematic review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9329-8373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анастасиева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anastasieva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасиева Евгения Андреевна - к.м.н.</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya A. Anastasieva - candidate of medical sciences.</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze st., 17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniya.anastasieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-3694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черданцева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherdantseva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черданцева Лилия Александровна - к.м.н.</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya A. Cherdantseva - candidate of medical science.</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze st., 17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherdanceff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8687-0866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопович</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopovich</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопович Тимофей Евгеньевич</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey E. Prokopovich</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze st., 17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timp2354@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-9026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведчиков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedchikov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медведчиков Артём Евгеньевич - к.м.н.</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17; 119607, Москва, Мичуринский пр., 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem E. Medvedchikov - candidate of medical sciences.</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze st., 17; 119607, Moscow, Michurinsky ave., 31</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medikea@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-9741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирилова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirilova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилова Ирина Анатольевна - д.м.н.</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Kyrilova - doctor of medical sciences.</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Frunze st., 17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinakirilova71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский НИИ травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский НИИ травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна Минздрава России; Клинический госпиталь «MD Group: Мичуринский» (ООО «ХАВЭН»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan of Minzdrav of Russia; Clinical Hospital «MD Group Michurinsky»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анастасиева Е.А., Черданцева Л.А., Прокопович Т.Е., Медведчиков А.Е., Кирилова И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анастасиева Е.А., Черданцева Л.А., Прокопович Т.Е., Медведчиков А.Е., Кирилова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anastasieva E.A., Cherdantseva L.A., Prokopovich T.E., Medvedchikov A.E., Kirilova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2583">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2583</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно многочисленным данным, представленным в литературе, использование минимальноманипулированных клеточных продуктов с собственными мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками (МСК) улучшает результаты хирургического лечения повреждений костей. Однако в настоящее время отсутствует единое мнение по предпочтительному использованию МСК костного мозга или из жировой ткани. Это обусловлено накоплением положительного опыта их применения при восстановлении костных дефектов.</p><p>Цель работы – определение оптимального источника МСК для хирургической реконструкции костного дефекта.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск публикаций за 2021–2025 гг. осуществлялся в базах данных PubMed, eLIBRARY. RU, Google Scholar и других научных источниках. Отобраны исследования, которые содержали данные о применении МСК костного мозга и жировой ткани, а также о технике их применения. Согласно критериям PRISMA, скрининг прошли 16 публикаций, из которых 10 не содержали необходимых данных о концентрации клеточных компонентов и технике их применения. Таким образом, был проведен количественный анализ данных 6 публикаций.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. В настоящее время методика получения и приготовления минимально­манипулированных клеточных продуктов с МСК костного мозга для целей хирургического лечения в травматологии и ортопедии является технически более простой и требует меньших временных затрат, чем методика с МСК жировой ткани. Это может быть одной из причин превалирования количества публикаций с описанием использования МСК костного мозга в клинической практике. Использование МСК в зоне хирургической реконструкции костного дефекта является необходимым, однако единое мнение о лучшем источнике МСК отсутствует.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По данным проведенного анализа литературных источников, методика с применением МСК костного мозга имеет преимущество за счет сокращения длительности операции, однако эффективность клеточной фракции аспирата костного мозга может быть значительна снижена погрешностями проведения методики забора и состава самого аспирата. Техники с использованием МСК жировой ткани обусловлены меньшим количеством погрешностей, но более длительным по времени вмешательством. При этом достоверно важными факторами для увеличения эффективности хирургического лечения костных дефектов с использованием минимально­манипулированных клеточных продуктов с МСК являются гетерогенность и достаточное количество клеточной фракции (не более 1 млн клеток), а также наличие матрицы­носителя.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to numerous data presented in the scientific sources, the use of minimally manipulated cellular products with their own mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves the results of surgical treatment of bone injuries. However, there is currently no consensus on the preferred use of MSCs from bone marrow or from adipose tissue. This is due to the accumulation of positive experience of their use in the restoration of bone defect. The purpose of the work. Determination of the optimal source of mesenchymal stem cells for surgical reconstruction of a bone defect. Material and methods. The search for publications for the period 2021–2025 was carried out in the databases PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar and other scientific sources. The selected studies contained data on the use of MSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue, as well as on the technique of their use. According to the PRISMA criteria, 16 publications were screened, of which 10 did not contain the necessary data on the concentration of cellular components and the technique of their application. Thus, a quantitative analysis of the data from 6 publications was carried out. Results and discussion. Currently, the technique of obtaining and preparing minimally manipulated cellular products with bone marrow MSCs for surgical treatment in traumatology and orthopedics is technically simpler and requires less time than the technique with adipose tissue MSCs. This may be one of the reasons for the prevalence of publications describing the use of bone marrow MSCs in clinical practice. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in the area of surgical reconstruction of a bone defect is necessary, however, there is no consensus on the best source of MSCs. Conclusions. According to the conducted analysis of literary sources, the technique using bone marrow MSCs has an advantage due to the reduction of the duration of the operation, however, the effectiveness of the cellular fraction of the bone marrow aspirate can be significantly reduced by errors in the collection technique and the composition of the aspirate itself. Techniques using adipose tissue MSCs have fewer errors, but a longer intervention time. At the same time, reliably important factors for increasing the effectiveness of bone defects surgical treatment with using minimally manipulated cellular products with MSCs are: heterogeneity and a sufficient amount of cellular fraction (no more than 1 million cells), as well as the presence of a carrier matrix.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки жировой ткани</kwd><kwd>костный мозг</kwd><kwd>костный дефект</kwd><kwd>стромально­васкулярная фракция</kwd><kwd>восстановление костной ткани</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>bone marrow</kwd><kwd>bone defect</kwd><kwd>stromal vascular fraction</kwd><kwd>bone tissue repair</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хоминец В.В., Калюжная-Земляная Л.И., Гранкин А.С., Федоров Р.А., Волов Д.А., Комаров А.В. Эволюция методов, технологий и материалов для восполнения дефектов костной ткани (научный обзор). Профилакт. и клин. мед. 2022;(4):25–34. doi: 10.47843/2074-9120_2022_4_25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khominets V.V., Kalyuzhnaya-Zemlyanaya L.I., Grankin A.S., Fedorov R.A., Volov D.A., Komarov A.V. Evolution of methods, technologies and materials for bone tissue defects replacement (review). Profilakticheskaya i klinicheskaya meditsina = Preventive and Clinical Medicine. 2022;(4):25–34. [In Russian]. doi: 10.47843/2074-9120_2022_4_25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bone cell biomechanics, mechanobiology and bone diseases. Eds. A.R. Qian, L. Hu. Elsevier, 2023. P. 229–234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bone cell biomechanics, mechanobiology and bone diseases. Eds. A.R. Qian, L. Hu. Elsevier, 2023. P. 229–234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анастасиева Е.А., Черданцева Л.А., Толстикова Т.Г., Кирилова И.А. Использование депротеинизированной костной ткани в качестве матрицы тканеинженерной конструкции: экспериментальное исследование. Травматол. и ортопедия России. 2023;29(1):46–59. doi: 10.17816/2311-2905-2016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anastasieva E.A., Cherdantseva L.A., Tolstikova T.G., Kirilova I.A. Deproteinized bone tissue as a matrix for tissue-engineered construction: experimental study. Travmatologiya i ortopediya Rossii = Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2023;29(1):46–59. [In Russian]. doi: 10.17816/2311-2905-20164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черданцева Л.А., Анастасиева Е.А., Егорихина М.Н., Алейник Д.Я., Медведчиков А.Е., Шаркеев Ю.П., Кирилова И.А. Влияние структурных характеристик депротеинизированной губчатой кости на активность мезенхимных стромальных клеток жировой ткани. Бюл. эксперим. биол. и мед. 2023;176(10):520–524. doi: 10.47056/0365-9615-2023-176-10-520-524</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cherdantseva L.A., Anastasieva E.A., Egorikhina M.N., Aleynik D.Ya., Medvedchikov A.E., Sharkeev Yu.P., Kirilova I.A. The effect of structural characteristics of deproteinized spongy bone on activity of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2024;176(4):515–518. doi: 10.1007/s10517-024-06058-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Физико-химические и механические свойства внеклеточного матрикса как сигналы для управления пролиферацией, дифференцировкой, подвижностью и таксисом клеток. Ред. И.А. Кирилова. М.: Физматлит, 2021. 243 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix as signals for controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, motility and taxation. Ed. I.A. Kirilova. Moscow: Fizmatlit, 2021. 243 p. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Serchan W.A. Adipose stem cell-seeded scaffolds for regeneration of segmental bone defects: abstract of thesis ... doct. med. sciences. Thessaloniki, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serchan W.A. Adipose stem cell-seeded scaffolds for regeneration of segmental bone defects: abstract of thesis ... doct. med. sciences. Thessaloniki, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ревокатова Д.П., Зурина И.М., Горкун А.А., Сабурина И.Н. Современные подходы к созданию васкуляризированных костных биоэквивалентов. Патол. физиол. и эксперим. терапия. 2022;66(3):151–165. doi: 10.25557/0031-2991.2022.03.151-165</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Revokatova D.P., Zurina I.M., Gorkun A.A., Saburina I.N. Modern approaches to bone tissue vascularization. Patologicheskaya fiziologiya i eksperimental’naya terapiya = Pathological Physiology and Experimental Therapy. 2022;66(3):151–165. [In Russian]. doi: 10.25557/0031-2991.2022.03.151-165</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pramanik K. Stem cell and tissue engineering: bone, cartilage, and associated joint tissue defects. CRC Press, 2024, 354 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pramanik K. Stem cell and tissue engineering: bone, cartilage, and associated joint tissue defects. CRC Press, 2024, 354 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavaseri K. Cell therapy and mechanical stimulation to enhance bone defect healing. McGill University (Canada), 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavaseri K. Cell therapy and mechanical stimulation to enhance bone defect healing. McGill University (Canada), 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мелерзанов А., Мантурова Н. Минимально манипулированный клеточный продукт в пластической хирургии и регенеративной медицине. Врач. 2015;26(8):78–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melerzanov A., Manturova N. Minimally manipulated cellular product in plastic surgery and regenerative medicine. Vrach = Doctor. 2015;26(8):78–80. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айрапетов Г.А., Аксененко А.В., Алексеева Л.И., Астрелина Т.А., Ахпашев А.А., Ахтямов И.Ф., Бонарцев А.П., Бялик Е.И., Воробьев К.А., Воротников А.А., ... Ярыгин Н.В. Минимально манипулированные клеточные продукты. Приоровские чтения 2021 «Ортобиология»: сб. тез. докл. IX Междунар. конф. Москва, 23–24 апреля 2021. Воронеж: Научная книга, 2022. С. 100–121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Airapetov G.A., Aksenenko A.V., Alekseeva L.I., Astrelina T.A., Akhpashev A.A., Akhtyamov I.F., Bonartsev A.P., Bialik E.I., Vorobyov K.A., Vorotnikov A.A., … Yarygin N.V. Minimally manipulated cellular products. Minimally manipulated cellular products. Priorov Readings 2021 «Orthobiology»: coll. thes. rep. IX Intern. conf., Moscow, April 23–24, 2021. Voronezh: Nauchnaya kniga, 2022. P. 100–121. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Understanding the minimal manipulation method of preparation for biologicals. Australian Regulatory Guidelines for Biologicals. Available at: https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/guidance/understanding-minimal-manipulation-method-preparation-biologicals</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Understanding the minimal manipulation method of preparation for biologicals. Australian Regulatory Guidelines for Biologicals. Available at: https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/guidance/understanding-minimal-manipulation-method-preparation-biologicals</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bouhlouli M., Izadi N., Khojasteh A. Various cell therapy approaches for bone diseases in the controlled clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Curr. Stem. Cell. Res. Ther. 2021;16(4):481–492. doi: 10.2174/1574888X16666201201104927</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bouhlouli M., Izadi N., Khojasteh A. Various cell therapy approaches for bone diseases in the controlled clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Curr. Stem. Cell. Res. Ther. 2021;16(4):481–492. doi: 10.2174/1574888X16666201201104927</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai Y., Yin G., Huang Z., Liao X., Chen X., Yao Y., Pu X. Localized delivery of growth factors for angiogenesis and bone formation in tissue engineering. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2013;16(2):214–223. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.04.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai Y., Yin G., Huang Z., Liao X., Chen X., Yao Y., Pu X. Localized delivery of growth factors for angiogenesis and bone formation in tissue engineering. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2013;16(2):214–223. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.04.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ho-Shui-Ling A., Bolander J., Rustom L.E., Johnson A.W., Luyten F.P., Picart C. Bone regeneration strategies: Engineered scaffolds, bioactive molecules and stem cells current stage and future perspectives. Biomaterials. 2018;180:143–162. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ho-Shui-Ling A., Bolander J., Rustom L.E., Johnson A.W., Luyten F.P., Picart C. Bone regeneration strategies: Engineered scaffolds, bioactive molecules and stem cells current stage and future perspectives. Biomaterials. 2018;180:143–162. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu K., Olsen B.R. Osteoblast-derived VEGF regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation during bone repair. J. Clin. Invest. 2016;126(2):509–526. doi: 10.1172/JCI82585</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu K., Olsen B.R. Osteoblast-derived VEGF regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation during bone repair. J. Clin. Invest. 2016;126(2):509–526. doi: 10.1172/JCI82585</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Street J., Bao M., de Guzman L., Bunting S., Peale F.V. Jr., Ferrara N., Steinmetz H., Hoeffel J., Cleland J.L., Daugherty A., … Filvaroff E.H. Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates bone repair by promoting angiogenesis and bone turnover. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2002;99(15):9656–9661. doi: 10.1073/pnas.152324099</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">17 Street J., Bao M., de Guzman L., Bunting S., Peale F.V. Jr., Ferrara N., Steinmetz H., Hoeffel J., Cleland J.L., Daugherty A., … Filvaroff E.H. Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates bone repair by promoting angiogenesis and bone turnover. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2002;99(15):9656–9661. doi: 10.1073/pnas.152324099</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li G., Li Z., Li L., Liu S., Wu P., Zhou M., Li C., Li X., Luo G., Zhang J. Stem cell-niche engineering via multifunctional hydrogel potentiates stem cell therapies for inflammatory bone loss. Advanced Functional Materials. 2023;33(2):2209466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li G., Li Z., Li L., Liu S., Wu P., Zhou M., Li C., Li X., Luo G., Zhang J. Stem cell-niche engineering via multifunctional hydrogel potentiates stem cell therapies for inflammatory bone loss. Advanced Functional Materials. 2023;33(2):2209466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boretti G., Giordano E., Ionita M., Vlasceanu G.M., Sigurjónsson Ó.E., Gargiulo P., Lovecchio J. Human bone-marrow-derived stem-cell-seeded 3d chitosan-gelatin-genipin scaffolds show enhanced extracellular matrix mineralization when cultured under a perfusion flow in osteogenic medium. Materials (Basel). 2023;16(17):5898. doi: 10.3390/ma16175898</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boretti G., Giordano E., Ionita M., Vlasceanu G.M., Sigurjónsson Ó.E., Gargiulo P., Lovecchio J. Human bone-marrow-derived stem-cell-seeded 3d chitosan-gelatin-genipin scaffolds show enhanced extracellular matrix mineralization when cultured under a perfusion flow in osteogenic medium. Materials (Basel). 2023;16(17):5898. doi: 10.3390/ma16175898</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mc Ilvaine R. Mesenchymal stem cell time to confluence on 3d printed, porous, poly (propylene fumarate) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: abstract of thesis ... doct. med. sciences. Ohio, 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mc Ilvaine R. Mesenchymal stem cell time to confluence on 3d printed, porous, poly (propylene fumarate) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: abstract of thesis ... doct. med. sciences. Ohio, 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quek J., Vizetto-Duarte C., Teoh S.H., Choo Y. Towards stem cell therapy for critical-sized segmental bone defects: current trends and challenges on the path to clinical translation. J. Funct. Biomater. 2024;15(6):145. doi: 10.3390/jfb15060145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quek J., Vizetto-Duarte C., Teoh S.H., Choo Y. Towards stem cell therapy for critical-sized segmental bone defects: current trends and challenges on the path to clinical translation. J. Funct. Biomater. 2024;15(6):145. doi: 10.3390/jfb15060145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang S., Lu C., Zheng S., Hong G.. Hydrogel loaded with bone marrow stromal cell-derived exosomes promotes bone regeneration by inhibiting inflammatory responses and angiogenesis. World J. Stem Cells. 2024;16(5):499–511. doi: 10.4252/wjsc. v16.i5.499</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang S., Lu C., Zheng S., Hong G.. Hydrogel loaded with bone marrow stromal cell-derived exosomes promotes bone regeneration by inhibiting inflammatory responses and angiogenesis. World J. Stem Cells. 2024;16(5):499–511. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.499</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banimohamad-Shotorbani B., Karkan S.F., Rahbarghazi R., Mehdipour A., Jarolmasjed S., Saghati S., Shafaei H. Application of mesenchymal stem cell sheet for regeneration of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2023;14(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03309-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banimohamad-Shotorbani B., Karkan S.F., Rahbarghazi R., Mehdipour A., Jarolmasjed S., Saghati S., Shafaei H. Application of mesenchymal stem cell sheet for regeneration of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2023;14(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03309-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alemdar C. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy from bone marrow and associated orthobiologic treatments: stem cell therapy and orthopaedic. Ulus Medical Journal. 2023;1(3):66–73. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10553463</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alemdar C. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy from bone marrow and associated orthobiologic treatments: stem cell therapy and orthopaedic. Ulus Medical Journal. 2023;1(3):66–73. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10553463</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berveglieri L., Vannini F., Ramponi L., Boffa A., Cavallo C., Cenacchi A., Filardo G., Buda R., Faldini C. The influence of cell and platelet number on clinical outcomes provided by a one-step scaffold transplantation with bone marrow concentrate for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Foot Ankle Surg. 2025;31(6):486–491. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2025.01.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berveglieri L., Vannini F., Ramponi L., Boffa A., Cavallo C., Cenacchi A., Filardo G., Buda R., Faldini C. The influence of cell and platelet number on clinical outcomes provided by a one-step scaffold transplantation with bone marrow concentrate for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Foot Ankle Surg. 2025;31(6):486–491. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2025.01.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chow S.K., Gao Q., Pius A., Morita M., Ergul Y., Murayama M., Shinohara I., Cekuc M.S., Ma C., Susuki Y., Goodman S.B. The advantages and shortcomings of stem cell therapy for enhanced bone healing. Tissue Eng. Part C. Methods. 2024;30(10):415–430. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2024.0252</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chow S.K., Gao Q., Pius A., Morita M., Ergul Y., Murayama M., Shinohara I., Cekuc M.S., Ma C., Susuki Y., Goodman S.B. The advantages and shortcomings of stem cell therapy for enhanced bone healing. Tissue Eng. Part C. Methods. 2024;30(10):415–430. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2024.0252</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Li Y., Lu F., Dong Z. Endogenous bone marrow-derived stem cell mobilization and homing for in situ tissue regeneration. Stem Cells. 2023;41(6):541–551. doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Li Y., Lu F., Dong Z. Endogenous bone marrow-derived stem cell mobilization and homing for in situ tissue regeneration. Stem Cells. 2023;41(6):541–551. doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Hashash A. Stem cell innovation in bone and joint health and diseases: general conclusions, challenges and prospectives. In: Joint and Bone. Texas: Academic Press, 2023. 205–211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Hashash A. Stem cell innovation in bone and joint health and diseases: general conclusions, challenges and prospectives. In: Joint and Bone. Texas: Academic Press, 2023. 205–211.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang L., Luo D., Wu J., Xie K., Guo Y., Gan Y., Wu W., Hao Y. A clinical study on bone defect reconstruction and functional recovery in benign bone tumors of the lower extremity, treated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell rapid screening-enrichment-composite system. World J. Surg. Oncol. 2021;19(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12957-021-02198-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang L., Luo D., Wu J., Xie K., Guo Y., Gan Y., Wu W., Hao Y. A clinical study on bone defect reconstruction and functional recovery in benign bone tumors of the lower extremity, treated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell rapid screening-enrichment-composite system. World J. Surg. Oncol. 2021;19(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12957-021-02198-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernigou P., Homma Y., Hernigou J., Flouzat Lachaniette C.H., Rouard H., Verrier S. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for bone repair of human hip osteonecrosis with bilateral match-control evaluation: impact of tissue source, cell count, disease stage, and volume size on 908 hips. Cells. 2024;13(9):776. doi: 10.3390/cells13090776</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hernigou P., Homma Y., Hernigou J., Flouzat Lachaniette C.H., Rouard H., Verrier S. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for bone repair of human hip osteonecrosis with bilateral match-control evaluation: impact of tissue source, cell count, disease stage, and volume size on 908 hips. Cells. 2024;13(9):776. doi: 10.3390/cells13090776</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velkovski V., Shabani I., Kamnar V., Gavrilovski A., Todorova T., Doksevska-Bogojevska M., Popovska D., Samardziski M., NikolikjDimitrova E.Analysis of results after surgical application of bone marrow aspirate stem cell concentrate in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Pril. (Makedon Akad. Nauk. Umet. Odd. Med. Nauki). 2023;44(1):79–87. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velkovski V., Shabani I., Kamnar V., Gavrilovski A., Todorova T., Doksevska-Bogojevska M., Popovska D., Samardziski M., NikolikjDimitrova E.Analysis of results after surgical application of bone marrow aspirate stem cell concentrate in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Pril. (Makedon Akad. Nauk. Umet. Odd. Med. Nauki). 2023;44(1):79–87. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toosi S., Naderi-Meshkin H., Moradi A., Daliri M., Moghimi V., Majd H.M., Sahebkar A.H., Heirani-Tabasi A., Behravan J. Scaphoid bone nonunions: clinical and functional outcomes of collagen/pga scaffolds and cell-based therapy. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2023;9(4):1928–1939. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00677</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toosi S., Naderi-Meshkin H., Moradi A., Daliri M., Moghimi V., Majd H.M., Sahebkar A.H., Heirani-Tabasi A., Behravan J. Scaphoid bone nonunions: clinical and functional outcomes of collagen/pga scaffolds and cell-based therapy. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2023;9(4):1928–1939. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00677</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang H., Xia D., Wu J., Hao Z., Wang P., Xu S., Zhang Y. Analysis of curative effect of percutaneous autologous bone marrow cell transplantation for treating nonunion under laser positioning and navigation guidance Materials Express. 2021;11(1):133–141. doi: 10.1166/mex.2021.1873</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang H., Xia D., Wu J., Hao Z., Wang P., Xu S., Zhang Y. Analysis of curative effect of percutaneous autologous bone marrow cell transplantation for treating nonunion under laser positioning and navigation guidance Materials Express. 2021;11(1):133–141. doi: 10.1166/mex.2021.1873</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kizu Y., Ishii R., Matsumoto N., Saito I. Retrospective study on the effect of adipose stem cell transplantation on jaw bone regeneration. Int. J. Implant Dent. 2024;10(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40729-024-00523-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kizu Y., Ishii R., Matsumoto N., Saito I. Retrospective study on the effect of adipose stem cell transplantation on jaw bone regeneration. Int. J. Implant Dent. 2024;10(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40729-024-00523-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gómez-Barrena E., Padilla-Eguiluz N.G., Rosset P., Hernigou P., Baldini N., Ciapetti G., Gonzalo-Daganzo R.M., Avendaño-Solá C., Rouard H., Giordano R., … On Behalf Of The Reborne Consortium. On behalf of the reborne consortium. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head safely healed with autologous, expanded, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a multicentric trial with minimum 5 years follow-up. J. Clin. Med. 2021;10(3):508. doi: 10.3390/jcm10030508</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">35 Gómez-Barrena E., Padilla-Eguiluz N.G., Rosset P., Hernigou P., Baldini N., Ciapetti G., GonzaloDaganzo R.M., Avendaño-Solá C., Rouard H., Giordano R., … On Behalf Of The Reborne Consortium. On behalf of the reborne consortium. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head safely healed with autologous, expanded, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a multicentric trial with minimum 5 years follow-up. J. Clin. Med. 2021;10(3):508. doi: 10.3390/jcm10030508</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veronesi E., Murgia A., Caselli A., Grisendi G., Piccinno M.S., Rasini V., Giordano R., Montemurro T., Bourin P., Sensebé L., … Dominici M. Transportation conditions for prompt use of ex vivo expanded and freshly harvested clinical-grade bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells for bone regeneration. Tissue Eng. Part C. Methods. 2014;20(3):239–251. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2013.0250</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veronesi E., Murgia A., Caselli A., Grisendi G., Piccinno M.S., Rasini V., Giordano R., Montemurro T., Bourin P., Sensebé L., … Dominici M. Transportation conditions for prompt use of ex vivo expanded and freshly harvested clinical-grade bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells for bone regeneration. Tissue Eng. Part C. Methods. 2014;20(3):239–251. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2013.0250</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Homma Y., Kaneko K., Hernigou P. Supercharging allografts with mesenchymal stem cells in the operating room during hip revision. Int. Orthop. 2014;38(10):2033–2044. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-2221-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Homma Y., Kaneko K., Hernigou P. Supercharging allografts with mesenchymal stem cells in the operating room during hip revision. Int. Orthop. 2014;38(10):2033–2044. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-2221-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gangji V., de Maertelaer V., Hauzeur J.P. Autologous bone marrow cell implantation in the treatment of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: Five year follow-up of a prospective controlled study. Bone. 2011;49(5):1005–1009. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.07.032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gangji V., de Maertelaer V., Hauzeur J.P. Autologous bone marrow cell implantation in the treatment of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: Five year follow-up of a prospective controlled study. Bone. 2011;49(5):1005–1009. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.07.032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horenberg A.L., Rindone A.N., Grayson W.L. Engineering bone from fat: A review of the in vivo mechanisms of adipose derived stem cell-mediated bone regeneration. Progress in Biomedical Engineering. 2021;3(4):042002. doi: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac1522</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horenberg A.L., Rindone A.N., Grayson W.L. Engineering bone from fat: A review of the in vivo mechanisms of adipose derived stem cell-mediated bone regeneration. Progress in Biomedical Engineering. 2021;3(4):042002. doi: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac1522</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Романцова Т.И. Жировая ткань: цвета, депо и функции. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2021;18(3):282–301. doi: 10.14341/omet12748</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romantsova T.I. Adipose tissue: colors, depot and functions. Ozhirenie i metabolism = Obesity and metabolism. 2021;18(3):282–301. [In Russian]. doi: 10.14341/omet12748</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Labusca L. Adipose tissue in bone regeneration stem cell source and beyond. World J. Stem. Cells. 2022;14(6):372–392. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i6.372</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Labusca L. Adipose tissue in bone regeneration stem cell source and beyond. World J. Stem. Cells. 2022;14(6):372–392. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i6.372</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuan D., El-Hashash A. Cutting edge research on stem cell applications in joint, cartilage, and bone repair and regeneration. In: Joint and Bone. Texas: Academic Press, 2023. P. 1–21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuan D., El-Hashash A. Cutting edge research on stem cell applications in joint, cartilage, and bone repair and regeneration. In: Joint and Bone. Texas: Academic Press, 2023. P. 1–21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mc Cance, Kathryn L., Sue E. Huether. Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Utah: Mosby Elsevier, 2010. P. 4493–4497.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mc Cance, Kathryn L., Sue E. Huether. Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Utah: Mosby Elsevier, 2010. P. 4493–4497.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li C., Mills Z., Zheng Z. Novel cell sources for bone regeneration. Med. Comm. 2021;2(2):145–174. doi: 10.1002/mco2.51</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li C., Mills Z., Zheng Z. Novel cell sources for bone regeneration. Med. Comm. 2021;2(2):145–174. doi: 10.1002/mco2.51</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Issabekova A., Kudaibergen G., Sekenova A., Dairov A., Sarsenova M., Mukhlis S., Temirzhan A., Baidarbekov M., Eskendirova S., Ogay V. The therapeutic potential of pericytes in bone tissue regeneration. Biomedicines. 2023;12(1):21. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12010021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Issabekova A., Kudaibergen G., Sekenova A., Dairov A., Sarsenova M., Mukhlis S., Temirzhan A., Baidarbekov M., Eskendirova S., Ogay V. The therapeutic potential of pericytes in bone tissue regeneration. Biomedicines. 2023;12(1):21. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12010021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ganguly P., El-Jawhari J.J., Vun J., Giannoudis P.V., Jones E.A. Evaluation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) functions on a biomorphic rattan-wood-derived scaffold: a comparison between cultured and uncultured MSCS. Bioengineering (Basel). 2021;9(1):1. doi: 10.3390/bioengineer-ing901000147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ganguly P., El-Jawhari J.J., Vun J., Giannoudis P.V., Jones E.A. Evaluation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) functions on a biomorphic rattan-wood-derived scaffold: a comparison between cultured and uncultured MSCS. Bioengineering (Basel). 2021;9(1):1. doi: 10.3390/bioengineer-ing901000147.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Che X., Kim H.J., Jin X., Kim J.W., Park K.H., Lim J.O., Kyung H.S., Oh C.W., Choi J.Y. Bone marrow stem cell population in singleand multiplelevel aspiration. Biomedicines. 2024;12(12):2731. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122731</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Che X., Kim H.J., Jin X., Kim J.W., Park K.H., Lim J.O., Kyung H.S., Oh C.W., Choi J.Y. Bone marrow stem cell population in singleand multiplelevel aspiration. Biomedicines. 2024;12(12):2731. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122731</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantripragada V.P., Boehm C., Bova W., Briskin I., Piuzzi N.S., Muschler G.F. Patient age and cell concentration influence prevalence and concentration of progenitors in bone marrow aspirates: an analysis of 436 patients. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 2021;103(17):1628–1636. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.02055</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantripragada V.P., Boehm C., Bova W., Briskin I., Piuzzi N.S., Muschler G.F. Patient age and cell concentration influence prevalence and concentration of progenitors in bone marrow aspirates: an analysis of 436 patients. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 2021;103(17):1628–1636. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.02055</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang Z.H., Zhang T.Y., Chen F.Z., Xie Y., Tan P.C., Li Q.F., Zhou S.B. Effect of age, harvest site and body mass index on the cell composition of the stromal vascular fraction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2025;156(2):253–262. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000011970</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang Z.H., Zhang T.Y., Chen F.Z., Xie Y., Tan P.C., Li Q.F., Zhou S.B. Effect of age, harvest site and body mass index on the cell composition of the stromal vascular fraction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2025;156(2):253–262. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000011970</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karadağ Sarı E.Ç., Ovalı E. Factors affecting the population of mesenchymal stem cells in adiposederived stromal vascular fraction. Balkan Med. J. 2022;39(6):386–392. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2022.2022-5-50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karadağ Sarı E.Ç., Ovalı E. Factors affecting the population of mesenchymal stem cells in adiposederived stromal vascular fraction. Balkan Med. J. 2022;39(6):386–392. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2022.2022-5-50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
