<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250527</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2459</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль неоадъювантной химиотерапии в лечении местно-распространенного рака ободочной кишки у коморбидных пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced colon cancer in comorbid patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-2338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулушев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulushev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулушев Вадим Маратович, к.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim M. Kulushev, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulushev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0522-0681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабунин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabunin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шабунин Алексей Васильевич, д.м.н</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Shabunin, doctor of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p><p>125993, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaya, 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glavbotk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-3695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багателия</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagatelia</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багателия Зураб Антонович, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zurab A. Bagatelya, doctor of medical sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p><p>125993, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaya, 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bagateliaz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8391-1210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Греков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grekov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Греков Дмитрий Николаевич, к.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Grekov, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p><p>125993, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaya, 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grekov.doc@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-1281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедев Сергей Сергеевич, д.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Lebedev, doctor of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedevssd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Константин Сергеевич, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin S. Titov, doctor of medical sciences, professor</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ks-titov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0706-9575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Николай Юрьевич, к.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Yu. Sokolov, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">strivp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-9361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедько</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедько Максим Сергеевич, к.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim S. Lebedko, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedkomaksim@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3199-5253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукин Андрей Юрьевич, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Lukin, doctor of medical sciences, professor</p><p>125993, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaya, 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">LukinAY@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4360-3999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаренкова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharenkova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаренкова Анастасия Сергеевна</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский п-д, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya S. Sharenkova</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_sharenkovanastya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина; Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumb</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>291</fpage><lpage>300</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кулушев В.М., Шабунин А.В., Багателия З.А., Греков Д.Н., Лебедев С.С., Титов К.С., Соколов Н.Ю., Лебедько М.С., Лукин А.Ю., Шаренкова А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кулушев В.М., Шабунин А.В., Багателия З.А., Греков Д.Н., Лебедев С.С., Титов К.С., Соколов Н.Ю., Лебедько М.С., Лукин А.Ю., Шаренкова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulushev V.M., Shabunin A.V., Bagatelia Z.A., Grekov D.N., Lebedev S.S., Titov K.S., Sokolov N.Y., Lebedko M.S., Lukin A.Y., Sharenkova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2459">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2459</self-uri><abstract><p>Рак ободочной кишки является одним из самых распространенных онкологических заболеваний в мире. У большинства пациентов выявляется местно-распространенный процесс, что требует тщательного подбора оптимальной тактики ведения. В этой связи в клиническую практику активно внедряется неоадъювантная химиотерапия (НАХТ). Цель исследования ‒ оценить эффективность НАХТ у коморбидных пациентов с местно-распространенным раком ободочной кишки.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование носило проспективный рандомизированный характер, в него включено 254 пациента с местно-распространенным раком ободочной кишки (сТ4N0M0, cT1-4N1-2M0). У 96,5 % больных выявлялись различные сопутствующие заболевания. В финальный анализ вошло 53 пациента из группы НАХТ + АХТ и 98 пациентов, получающих только АХТ. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием программного обеспечения RStudio (версия 2024.12.1+563) на языке программирования R.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Прогрессирование заболевания значительно чаще отмечалось у пациентов, получающих НАХТ + АХТ по сравнению с пациентами из группы АХТ: 35,3 и 19,6 % соответственно (р = 0,036). Помимо этого у пациентов, получающих НАХТ + АХТ, прогрессирование наступало быстрее, чем у пациентов, получающих только АХТ: медиана времени без прогрессирования составила 10,0 и 12,0 месяцев соответственно (р = 0,033). Трехлетняя безрецидивная выживаемость была меньше в группе НАХТ + АХТ, чем у пациентов, которым на первом этапе выполнялось оперативное лечение с последующей АХТ– 40 и 76 % соответственно (р = 0,000). Регрессионный анализ Кокса показал, что использование НАХТ на первом этапе лечения у коморбидных пациентов с местно-распространенным раком ободочной кишки увеличивает риск прогрессирования в 3,912 раза независимо от стадии заболевания (отношение рисков 3,912; 95%-й доверительный интервал 1,859–8,232; p &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Коморбидным пациентам с местно-распространенным раком ободочной кишки на первом этапе лечения наиболее целесообразно выполнять оперативное вмешательство без предварительного проведения НАХТ, которая ассоциирована с большим риском прогрессирования заболевания независимо от стадии. Полученные результаты могут быть связаны с увеличением времени до операции на фоне выполнения НАХТ, что создает потенциальное временное «окно» для поддержания опухолевого процесса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. In most patients, a locally advanced process is detected, which requires careful selection of optimal management tactics. In this connection, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACHT) is being actively introduced into clinical practice. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of NACHT in comorbid patients with locally advanced colon cancer.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was prospective and randomized, it included 254 patients with locally advanced colon cancer (cT4N0M0, cT1-4N1-2M0). Various comorbidities were detected in 96.5 % of patients. The final analysis included 53 patients from the NACHT + ACHT group and 98 patients receiving only ACHT. Statistical data processing was performed using RStudio software (version 2024.12.1+563) in the R programming language.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Disease progression was significantly more frequent in patients receiving NACHT + ACHT compared to patients in the ACHT group: 35.3 and 19.6 %, respectively (p = 0.036). In addition, patients receiving NACHT + ACHT progressed faster than patients receiving ACHT only: the median time without progression was 10.0 and 12.0 months, respectively (p = 0.033). The 3-year relapse-free survival rate was lower in the NACHT + ACHT group than in patients who underwent surgery followed by ACHT at the first stage – 40 and 76 %, respectively (р = 0,000). Cox regression analysis showed that the use of NACHT at the first stage of treatment in comorbid patients with locally advanced colon cancer increases the risk of progression by 3.912 times, regardless of the stage of the disease (hazard ratio = 3.912; 95 % confidence interval 1.859–8.232; p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. For comorbid patients with locally advanced colon cancer, it is most advisable to perform surgery at the first stage of treatment without prior NACHT, which is associated with a higher risk of disease progression regardless of the stage. The obtained results may be related to the increased time to surgery due to the administration of NACHT, which creates a potential temporal "window" for the maintenance of the tumor process.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак ободочной кишки</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>местно-распространенный рак</kwd><kwd>коморбидные пациенты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colon cancer</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>locally advanced cancer</kwd><kwd>comorbid patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2024;74(3):229–263. doi: 10.3322/caac.21834</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2024;74(3):229–263. doi: 10.3322/caac.21834</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2023 году (заболеваемость и смертность). Ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О.Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена, 2024. 276 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2023 (incidence and mortality). Ed. A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinsky, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, 2024. 276 p. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2023 году. Ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена, 2024. 262 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The state of oncological care for the population of Russia in 2023. Ed. A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinsky, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: MNIOI named after P.A. Herzen, 2024. 262 p. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benson A.B., Venook A.P., Al-Hawary M.M., Cederquist L., Chen Y.J., Ciombor K.K., Cohen S., Cooper H.S., Deming D., Engstrom P.F., … Freedman-Cass D.A. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Colon Cancer, Version 2.2018. J. Natl. Compr. Canc. Netw. 2018;16(4):359–369. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benson A.B., Venook A.P., Al-Hawary M.M., Cederquist L., Chen Y.J., Ciombor K.K., Cohen S., Cooper H.S., Deming D., Engstrom P.F., … Freedman-Cass D.A. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Colon Cancer, Version 2.2018. J. Natl. Compr. Canc. Netw. 2018;16(4):359–369. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Титов К.С., Кузьменко А.А., Багателия З.А., ГрековД.Н., ЯкомаскинВ.Н., ПетросянТ.В. Современные возможности комбинированного лечения пациентов раком желудка с перитонеальным канцероматозом. Злокачеств. опухоли. 2023;13(4):69–77. doi: 10.18027/2224-5057- 2023-13-4-69-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Titov K.S., Kuzmenko A.A., Bagatelia Z.A., Grekov D.N., Yakomaskin V.N., Petrosyan T.V. Current opportunities for combined treatment of gastric cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Zlokachestvennyye opukholi = Malignant Tumors. 2023;13(4):69– 77. [In Russian]. doi: 10.18027 / 2224-5057-2023-13-4-69-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lordick F., Carneiro F., Cascinu S., Fleitas T., Haustermans K., Piessen G., Vogel A., Smyth E.C., ESMO Guidelines Committee. Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2022;33(10):1005–1020. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lordick F., Carneiro F., Cascinu S., Fleitas T., Haustermans K., Piessen G., Vogel A., Smyth E.C., ESMO Guidelines Committee. Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2022;33(10):1005–1020. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glynne-Jones R., Wyrwicz L., Tiret E., Brown G., Rödel C., Cervantes A., Arnold D. Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2018:29(4):263. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy161</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glynne-Jones R., Wyrwicz L., Tiret E., Brown G., Rödel C., Cervantes A., Arnold D. Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2018:29(4):263. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy161</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obermannová R., Alsina M., Cervantes A., Leong T., Lordick F., Nilsson M., van Grieken N.C.T., Vogel A., Smyth E.C., ESMO Guidelines Committee. Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2022:33(10):992–1004. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obermannová R., Alsina M., Cervantes A., Leong T., Lordick F., Nilsson M., van Grieken N.C.T., Vogel A., Smyth E.C., ESMO Guidelines Committee. Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2022:33(10):992–1004. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабунин А.В., Греков Д.Н., Багателия З.А., Кулушев В.М., Соколов Н.Ю., Миненкова А.Г., Лебедев С.С., Лебедько М.С. Периоперационная химиотерапия в лечении местно-распространенных форм рака ободочной кишки: обзор литературы. Тазовая хирургия и онкол. 2022;12(4):52–59. doi: 10.17650/2686-9594-2022-12-4-52-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabunin A.V., Grekov D.N., Bagateliya Z.A., Kulushev V.M., Sokolov N.Yu., Minenkova A.G., Lebedev S.S., Lebedko M.S. Perioperative chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced forms of colon cancer: literature review. Tazovaya khirurgiya i onkologiya = Pelvic Surgery and Oncology. 2022;12(4):52–59. [In Russian]. doi: 10.17650/2686-9594-2022-12-4-52-59</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foxtrot Collaborative Group. Feasibility of preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced, operable colon cancer: the pilot phase of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncology. 2012;13(11):1152–1160. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70348-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foxtrot Collaborative Group. Feasibility of preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced, operable colon cancer: the pilot phase of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncology. 2012;13(11):1152–1160. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70348-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jakobsen A., Andersen F., Fischer A., Jensen L.H., Jørgensen J.C., Larsen O., Lindebjerg J., Pløen J., Rafaelsen S.R., Vilandt J. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer. A phase II trial. Acta Oncologica. 2015;54(10):1747–1753. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1037007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jakobsen A., Andersen F., Fischer A., Jensen L.H., Jørgensen J.C., Larsen O., Lindebjerg J., Pløen J., Rafaelsen S.R., Vilandt J. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer. A phase II trial. Acta Oncologica. 2015;54(10):1747–1753. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1037007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Gooyer J.M., Verstegen M.G., Lam-Boer J., Radema S.A., Verhoeven R.H.A., Verhoef C., Schreinemakers J.M.J., de Wilt J.H.W. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced T4 colon cancer: A Nationwide Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Analysis. Dig. Surg. 2020;37(4):292–301. doi: 10.1159/000503446</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Gooyer J.M., Verstegen M.G., Lam-Boer J., Radema S.A., Verhoeven R.H.A., Verhoef C., Schreinemakers J.M.J., de Wilt J.H.W. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced T4 colon cancer: A Nationwide Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Analysis. Dig. Surg. 2020;37(4):292–301. doi: 10.1159/000503446</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chuang J.P., Chen Y.C., Wang J.Y. Narrative review of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced colon cancer. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci. 2025;41(2):e12926. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12926</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuang J.P., Chen Y.C., Wang J.Y. Narrative review of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced colon cancer. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci. 2025;41(2):e12926. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12926</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arredondo J., Almeida A., Castañón C., Sánchez C., Villafañe A., Tejedor P., Simó V., Baixauli J., Rodríguez J., Pastor C. The ELECLA trial: A multicentre randomised control trial on outcomes of neoadjuvant treatment on locally advanced colon cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2024;26(4):745–753. doi: 10.1111/codi.16908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arredondo J., Almeida A., Castañón C., Sánchez C., Villafañe A., Tejedor P., Simó V., Baixauli J., Rodríguez J., Pastor C. The ELECLA trial: A multicentre randomised control trial on outcomes of neoadjuvant treatment on locally advanced colon cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2024;26(4):745–753. doi: 10.1111/codi.16908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGough D.P., Price A.D., Whitrock J.N., Hariri H., Patel S.H., Ahmad S.A., Wilson G.C. National landscape of neoadjuvant therapy in potentially resectable colon cancer. J. Surg. Res. 2024;302:611–620. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McGough D.P., Price A.D., Whitrock J.N., Hariri H., Patel S.H., Ahmad S.A., Wilson G.C. National landscape of neoadjuvant therapy in potentially resectable colon cancer. J. Surg. Res. 2024;302:611–620. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noronha M.M., Costa Almeida L.F, Cappellaro A.P., Silva L.F.L.D., Conceição L.D.D., Menezes J.S.A., Belotto M., Peixoto R.D’. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur. J. Cancer. 2025;222:115476. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2025.115476</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noronha M.M., Costa Almeida L.F, Cappellaro A.P., Silva L.F.L.D., Conceição L.D.D., Menezes J.S.A., Belotto M., Peixoto R.D’. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur. J. Cancer. 2025;222:115476. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2025.115476</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bergquist J.R., Thiels C.A, Spindler B.A., Shubert C.R., Hayman A.V., Kelley S.R., Larson D.W., Habermann E.B., Pemberton J.H., Mathis K.L. Benefit of postresection adjuvant chemotherapy for stage iii colon cancer in octogenarians: Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Dis. Colon Rectum. 2016;59(12):1142– 1149. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000000699</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bergquist J.R., Thiels C.A, Spindler B.A., Shubert C.R., Hayman A.V., Kelley S.R., Larson D.W., Habermann E.B., Pemberton J.H., Mathis K.L. Benefit of postresection adjuvant chemotherapy for stage iii colon cancer in octogenarians: Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Dis. Colon Rectum. 2016;59(12):1142– 1149. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000000699</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarasqueta C., Perales A., Escobar A., Baré M., Redondo M., Fernández de Larrea N., Briones E., Piera J.M., Zunzunegui M.V., Quintana J.M. Impact of age on the use of adjuvant treatments in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: patients with stage III colon or stage II/III rectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):735. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5910-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarasqueta C., Perales A., Escobar A., Baré M., Redondo M., Fernández de Larrea N., Briones E., Piera J.M., Zunzunegui M.V., Quintana J.M. Impact of age on the use of adjuvant treatments in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: patients with stage III colon or stage II/III rectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):735. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5910-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sakowitz S., Bakhtiyar S.S., Verma A., Ebrahimian S., Vadlakonda A., Mabeza R.M., Lee H., Benharash P. Association of time to resection with survival in patients with colon cancer. Surg. Endosc. 2024;38(2):614–623. doi: 10.1007/s00464-023-10548-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakowitz S., Bakhtiyar S.S., Verma A., Ebrahimian S., Vadlakonda A., Mabeza R.M., Lee H., Benharash P. Association of time to resection with survival in patients with colon cancer. Surg. Endosc. 2024;38(2):614–623. doi: 10.1007/s00464-023-10548-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Platt J.R., Williams C.J.M., Craig Z., Cairns D.A., Glasbey J.C., Morton D., Seligmann J. Personalizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced colon cancer: protocols for the international phase III FOxTROT2 and FOxTROT3 randomized controlled trials. Colorectal Dis. 2023;25(3):357–366. doi: 10.1111/codi.16487</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platt J.R., Williams C.J.M., Craig Z., Cairns D.A., Glasbey J.C., Morton D., Seligmann J. Personalizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced colon cancer: protocols for the international phase III FOxTROT2 and FOxTROT3 randomized controlled trials. Colorectal Dis. 2023;25(3):357–366. doi: 10.1111/codi.16487</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Platt J.R., Todd O.M., Hall P., Craig Z., Quyn A., Seymour M., Braun M., Roodhart J., Punt C., Christou N., … Seligmann J.F. FOxTROT2: innovative trial design to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for treating locally advanced colon cancer in older adults or those with frailty. ESMO Open. 2023;8(1):100642. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100642</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platt J.R., Todd O.M., Hall P., Craig Z., Quyn A., Seymour M., Braun M., Roodhart J., Punt C., Christou N., … Seligmann J.F. FOxTROT2: innovative trial design to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for treating locally advanced colon cancer in older adults or those with frailty. ESMO Open. 2023;8(1):100642. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100642</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horesh N., Emile S.H., Freund M.R., Garoufalia Z., Gefen R., Zhou P., Nagarajan A., Wexner S.D. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival in stage III but not in stage II colon cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis of the National Cancer Database. Surgery. 2025;183:109389. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2025.109389</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horesh N., Emile S.H., Freund M.R., Garoufalia Z., Gefen R., Zhou P., Nagarajan A., Wexner S.D. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival in stage III but not in stage II colon cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis of the National Cancer Database. Surgery. 2025;183:109389. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2025.109389</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Q., Jin S., Wang Z., Ju Y., Wang K. Long-term effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in variant histology locally advanced colon cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis. Cancer Biol. Ther. 2025;26(1):2441511. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2441511</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Q., Jin S., Wang Z., Ju Y., Wang K. Long-term effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in variant histology locally advanced colon cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis. Cancer Biol. Ther. 2025;26(1):2441511. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2441511</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu H., Zhang J., Li Y., Wang X., Wang Z., Wang H., Kang L., Liu P., Lan P., Wu X., … OPTICAL study group. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine versus upfront surgery for locally advanced colon cancer: the randomized, phase III OPTICAL Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 2024;42(25):2978– 2988. doi: 10.1200/JCO.23.01889</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu H., Zhang J., Li Y., Wang X., Wang Z., Wang H., Kang L., Liu P., Lan P., Wu X., … OPTICAL study group. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine versus upfront surgery for locally advanced colon cancer: the randomized, phase III OPTICAL Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 2024;42(25):2978– 2988. doi: 10.1200/JCO.23.01889</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kodia K., Alnajar A., Huerta C.T., Gupta G., Giri B., Dosch A., Paluvoi N. Nationwide outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer-a propensity score-matched analysis. Am. Surg. 2024;90(4):866–874. doi: 10.1177/00031348231216491</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kodia K., Alnajar A., Huerta C.T., Gupta G., Giri B., Dosch A., Paluvoi N. Nationwide outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer-a propensity score-matched analysis. Am. Surg. 2024;90(4):866–874. doi: 10.1177/00031348231216491</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliseda D., Arredondo J., Sánchez-Justicia C., Alvarellos A., Rodríguez J., Matos I., Rotellar F., Baixauli J., Pastor C. Survival and safety after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or upfront surgery for locally advanced colon cancer: meta-analysis. Br. J. Surg. 2024;111(2):znae021. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znae021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliseda D., Arredondo J., Sánchez-Justicia C., Alvarellos A., Rodríguez J., Matos I., Rotellar F., Baixauli J., Pastor C. Survival and safety after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or upfront surgery for locally advanced colon cancer: meta-analysis. Br. J. Surg. 2024;111(2):znae021. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znae021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
