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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250517</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2449</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOMEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Потенцирование интраназально вводимым инсулином восстанавливающего эффекта семаглутида на метаболические и гормональные показатели у крыс с диета-индуцированным сахарным диабетом 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Potentiation of the restorative effect of semaglutide on metabolic and hormonal parameters in rats with diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus with intranasally administered insulin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-9540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деркач</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derkach</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деркач Кира Викторовна, к.б.н.</p><p>194223, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kira V. Derkach, candidate of biological sciences</p><p>194223, Saint Petersburg, Thorezа ave., 44</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derkatch_k@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7316-2882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басова Наталия Евгеньевна, к.б.н.</p><p>194223, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Basova, candidate of biological sciences</p><p>194223, Saint Petersburg, Thorezа ave., 44</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basovnat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-3162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпаков</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpakov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шпаков Александр Олегович, д.б.н., проф.</p><p>194223, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, 44</p><p>199106, г. Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия Васильевского острова, 8А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr O. Shpakov, doctor of biological sciences, professor</p><p>194223, Saint Petersburg, Thorezа ave., 44</p><p>199106, Saint Petersburg, 21st line of Vasilievsky Island, 8A</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex_shpakov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАН; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the RAS; Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>199</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Деркач К.В., Басова Н.Е., Шпаков А.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Деркач К.В., Басова Н.Е., Шпаков А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Derkach K.V., Basova N.E., Shpakov A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2449">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2449</self-uri><abstract><p>Семаглутид, агонист рецептора глюкагоноподобного пептида-1, широко применяется для лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2), но у части пациентов он неэффективен, что требует разработки подходов для усиления его терапевтического действия. Перспективно комбинированное применение семаглутида с другими препаратами, в том числе с интраназально вводимым инсулином (ИВИ), который через центральные механизмы улучшает некоторые метаболические и гормональные показатели при СД2. Цель исследования – изучить эффекты совместного и раздельного назначения семаглутида и ИВИ самцам крыс с СД2 на массу тела и жировой ткани, метаболические и гормональные показатели, включая уровни тиреоидных гормонов.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. СД2 вызывали высокожировой диетой (15 недель) и введением стрептозотоцина (15 мг/кг). Семаглутид (50 мкг/кг/ сутки, подкожно) и ИВИ (0,5 и 2,0 МЕ на крысу в сутки) вводили раздельно и совместно в течение 4 недель. Уровни гормонов измеряли с помощью ИФА, толерантность к глюкозе и стимулированное глюкозой содержание инсулина и лептина оценивали в глюкозотолерантном тесте.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Совместное применение семаглутида и ИВИ сопровождалось нормализацией массы тела и жировой ткани, восстановлением глюкозного гомеостаза, инсулиновой чувствительности, липидного обмена. Комбинация семаглутида и ИВИ превосходила монотерапию семаглутидом по уменьшению массы жира, нормализации уровней глюкозы и гликированного гемоглобина в крови и ослаблению инсулиновой резистентности. Семаглутид восстанавливал концентрацию тиреоидных гормонов, сниженную при СД2. В группе с лечением семаглутидом и 2,0 МЕ ИВИ повышение уровня свободного трийодтиронина и соотношения содержания свободного трийодтиронина и свободного тироксина было более выражено, чем при монотерапии семаглутидом, что указывает на потенцирование эффекта последнего на тиреоидную ось в присутствии ИВИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На модели СД2 у крыс показано, что по способности восстанавливать ряд метаболических и гормональных показателей комбинированная терапия семаглутидом и ИВИ превосходит монотерапию семаглутидом, и этот эффект зависит от дозы ИВИ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), but it is not effective in some patients, which requires the development of approaches to enhance its therapeutic effect. The combined use of semaglutide with other drugs is promising, including intranasally administered insulin (IAI), which improves certain metabolic and hormonal parameters in DM2 through central mechanisms. Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of combined and separate administration of semaglutide and IAI to male rats with DM2 on the body weight and fat mass, metabolic and hormonal parameters, including thyroid hormone levels.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. DM2 was induced by a high-fat diet (15 weeks) and streptozotocin injection (15 mg/kg). Semaglutide (50 μg/kg/day, subcutaneously) and IAI (0.5 and 2.0 IU daily per rat) were administered separately and together for 4 weeks. Hormonal levels were measured using ELISA, glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin and leptin content were assessed by a glucose tolerance test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The combined use of semaglutide and IAI normalized the body weight and adipose tissue and restored the glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism. The combination of semaglutide and IAI was superior to semaglutide monotherapy in terms of fat loss, normalization of glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in the blood, and weakening of insulin resistance. Semaglutide restored the thyroid hormones concentration decreased at DM2. In the group treated with semaglutide and 2.0 IU IAI, the increase in free triiodothyronine level and the free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine ratio was more pronounced than with semaglutide monotherapy, indicating potentiation of the latter’s effect on the thyroid axis in the presence of IAI.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A model of DM2 in rats has shown that combination therapy with semaglutide and IAI is superior to semaglutide monotherapy in terms of its ability to restore a number of metabolic and hormonal parameters, and this effect depends on the dose of IAI.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>семаглутид</kwd><kwd>интраназально вводимый инсулин</kwd><kwd>тиреоидный гормон</kwd><kwd>комбинированная терапия</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>глюкозный гомеостаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>semaglutide</kwd><kwd>intranasally administered insulin</kwd><kwd>thyroid hormone</kwd><kwd>combination therapy</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>glucose homeostasis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке государственного задания ИЭФБ РАН № № 075-00263- 25-00.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted under the state assignment of the IEFB RAS No. 075-00263-25-00.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aroda V.R., Ahmann A., Cariou B., Chow F., Davies M.J., Jódar E., Mehta R., Woo V., Lingvay I. 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