sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20250513sibmed-2445Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПренатальные и перинатальные факторы риска нарушений интеллектуального и речевого развития ребенка: нарративный обзор литературы и результаты ретроспективного анализаPrenatal and perinatal risk factors for intellectual and speech development disorders in children: a narrative literature review and retrospective analysis resultshttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-3839-221XЯгодкинаК. Ю.YagodkinaK. Yu.

Ягодкина Ксения Юрьевна

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Kseniya Yu. Yagodkina

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

yaska2003rrr@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-1007ЖиляеваТ. В.ZhilyaevaT. V

Жиляева Татьяна Владимировна, д.м.н.

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, 3

Tat’yana V. Zhilyaeva, doctor of medical sciences

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

192019, Saint-Petersburg, Bekhtereva st., 3

bizet@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-8910-4640КлекочкоО. С.KlekochkoO. S.

Клекочко Олеся Сергеевна

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Olesya S. Klekochko

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

olesya-klekochko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-6938-2514ТарадайЮ. М.TaradayYu. M.

Тарадай Юрий Михайлович

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Yuriy М. Taraday

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

taraday97@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-1162КотковаА. В.KotkovaA. V.

Коткова Ангелина Валерьевна

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Angelina V. Kotkova

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

angelina5295@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-1371-2960ПановаИ. В.PanovaI. V.

Панова Ирина Владимировна, к.м.н.

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Irina V. Panova, candidate of medical sciences

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

ipanova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1734-6003НасоноваУ. А.NasonovaU. A.

Насонова Ульяна Алексеевна

603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1

Ulyana А. Nasonova

603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Minina and Pozharskogo sq., 10/1

unasonova@yandex.ruПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университет Минздрава РоссииРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical University of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian FederationПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университет Минздрава России; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. БехтереваРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia; National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology named after V.M. BekhterevRussian FederationПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университет Минздрава России;РоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical University of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation202504112025455161172Copyright © Ягодкина К.Ю., Жиляева Т.В., Клекочко О.С., Тарадай Ю.М., Коткова А.В., Панова И.В., Насонова У.А., 20252025Ягодкина К.Ю., Жиляева Т.В., Клекочко О.С., Тарадай Ю.М., Коткова А.В., Панова И.В., Насонова У.А.Yagodkina K.Y., Zhilyaeva T.V., Klekochko O.S., Taraday Y.M., Kotkova A.V., Panova I.V., Nasonova U.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2445

Речевые навыки и уровень интеллекта являются решающими в определении успешности человека в различных сферах жизни. Данные многочисленных исследований о влиянии пре- и перинатальных факторов на нейрокогнитивное развитие детей остаются противоречивыми, несмотря на то что знания в этой области потенциально имеют важное практическое значение. В данной статье представлен нарративный обзор современной литературы о влиянии пре-и перинатальных факторов на речевое и интеллектуальное развитие детей, а также результаты собственного ретроспективного исследования выборки детей старшего дошкольного возраста из Нижегородского региона России. Получены данные об отрицательной ассоциации преждевременных родов, гестационного сахарного диабета, угрозы прерывания беременности, родоразрешения путем кесарева сечения, артериальной гипертензии при беременности с речевым и интеллектуальным развитием ребенка. Учет этих факторов на ранних этапах онтогенеза (в дошкольном возрасте) и своевременная коррекция речевых и интеллектуальных функций могут способствовать профилактике школьной неуспеваемости и повышению адаптации ребенка в академической среде.

Speech skills and intelligence level are crucial in determining a person’s success in various areas of life. Data from numerous studies on the influence of pre- and perinatal factors on children’s neurocognitive development remain contradictory, despite the fact that knowledge in this area potentially has significant practical implications. This article presents a narrative review of current literature on the impact of pre- and perinatal factors on speech and intellectual development in children, as well as the results of our own retrospective study of a sample of preschool children from the Nizhny Novgorod region of Russia. Data were obtained on the negative association of preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus, threatened miscarriage, cesarean section delivery, and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy with children’s speech and intellectual development. Taking these factors into account at early stages of ontogeny (preschool age) and timely correction of speech and intellectual functions may help preventing school underachievement and improving a child’s adaptation to the academic environment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.