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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250305</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2231</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Варианты генов IL4 (rs2243250, rs2070874) и IL13 (rs1800925) в этнических группах Восточной Сибири</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variants of IL4 (rs2243250, rs2070874) and IL13 (rs1800925) genes in ethnic groups of Eastern Siberia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-0429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афоничева</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afonicheva</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Васильевна Афоничева</p><p>660022; ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г; Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya V. Afonicheva</p><p>660022; Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g; Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kseniya.kopylova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2623-0074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милейко</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mileyko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Геннадьевна Милейко</p><p>660022; ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г; Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra G. Mileyko</p><p>660022; Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g; Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sashamileiko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Юрьевич Терещенко, д. м. н, проф.</p><p>660022; ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г; Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Yu. Tereshchenko, doctor of medical sciences, professor</p><p>660022; Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g; Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">legise@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольникова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Викторовна Смольникова, к. б. н.</p><p>660022; ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г; Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Smolnikova, candidate of biological sciences</p><p>660022; Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g; Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smarinv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ медицинских проблем Севера ФИЦ «Красноярский научный центр СО РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Афоничева К.В., Милейко А.Г., Терещенко С.Ю., Смольникова М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Афоничева К.В., Милейко А.Г., Терещенко С.Ю., Смольникова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Afonicheva K.V., Mileyko A.G., Tereshchenko S.Y., Smolnikova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2231">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2231</self-uri><abstract><p>   Актуальность исследования обусловлена ролью цитокинов IL-4 и IL-13 в патогенезе заболеваний дыхательной системы, включая бронхиальную астму.</p><p>   Изменения в генах IL4 и IL13 могут влиять на уровень их экспрессии и, соответственно, на предрасположенность к астме.</p><p>   Целью работы был анализ распространенности полиморфных вариантов генов IL4 rs2243250, rs2070874 и IL13 rs1800925 в популяциях русских, хакасов и тувинцев.</p><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы. Проведено исследование обучающихся общеобразовательных учреждений Красноярска, Абакана и Кызыла в возрасте 12–18 лет, национальность верифицировалась по национальности обоих родителей и определялась как русские (n = 293), хакасы (n = 73), тувинцы (n = 158). Определение вариантов полиморфизмов rs2243250 IL4, rs2070874 IL4 и rs1800925 IL13 проведено с помощью ПЦР в реальном времени.</p><p>   Результаты и их обсуждение. Показано, что генотип CC полиморфизма rs2243250 IL4 чаще встречается у русских (57,7 %) по сравнению с хакасами (34,3 %) и тувинцами (17,1 %) (p &lt; 0,05), аллель T – у тувинцев (56,6 %) по сравнению с европейскими (16,8 %) и южноазиатскими популяциями (18,4 %) (p &lt; 0,05). У русской популяции наблюдается преобладание генотипа СС rs2070874 IL4 (54,3 %) по сравнению с другими исследованными группами. Частота аллеля Т выше среди тувинцев (54,7 %), чем среди русских (26,8 %), хакасов (41,1 %), в европейских (16,8 %) и южноазиатских популяциях (18,6 %), но меньше, чем в восточноазиатских популяциях (77,9 %) (p &lt; 0,05). Генотип CC rs1800925 IL13 чаще встречается у тувинских подростков (81,6 %) по сравнению с русскими (55,0 %) и хакасами (67,1 %) (p &lt; 0,05). У тувинцев (81,6 %) этот генотип также преобладает над восточноазиатскими (66,3 %) и южноазиатскими (63,8 %) популяциями (p &lt; 0,05). Аллель T реже встречается у тувинцев (10,1 %), чем в европейских (17,8 %), восточно- (17,8 %) и южноазиатских (20,0 %) популяциях (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Редкие аллели T полиморфизмов rs2243250 и rs2070874 IL4, ассоциированные с развитием бронхиальной астмы, чаще встречаются среди хакасов и тувинцев по сравнению с русскими. Гомозиготный генотип ТТ полиморфизма rs1800925 IL13, ассоциированный с гиперчувствительностью бронхов и повышением уровня общего IgE, чаще встречается среди русских по сравнению с тувинцами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The relevance of the study is due to the role of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines in the pathogenesis of diseases of the respiratory system, including bronchial asthma.</p><p>   Changes in the IL4 and IL13 genes can affect their expression levels and, consequently, predisposition to asthma.</p><p>   The aim of the work was to analyze the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the IL4 rs2243250, rs2070874 and IL13 rs1800925 genes in populations of Russians, Khakas and Tuvans.</p><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. School students from Krasnoyarsk, Abakan, Kyzyl at the age of 12–18 years were studied, their nationality was verified by the nationality of both parents and was determined as Russians (n = 293), Khakas (n = 73), Tuvans (n = 158). Polymorphisms rs2243250 IL4, rs2070874 IL4, and rs1800925 IL13 were determined using real-time PCR.</p><p>   Results and discussion. It was shown that the CC genotype of the rs2243250 IL4 is more common in Russians (57.7 %) compared with Khakas (34.3 %) and Tuvans (17.1 %) (p &lt; 0.05), allele T – in Tuvans (56.6 %) compared to European (16.8 %) and South Asian populations (18.4 %) (p &lt; 0.05). The Russian population has a predominance of the CC rs2070874 IL4 (54.3 %) compared with other studied groups. The frequency of the allele T is higher among Tuvans (54.7 %) than in Russians (26.8 %), Khakas (41.1 %), European (16.8 %) and South Asian populations (18.6 %), but less than in East Asian populations (77.9 %) (p &lt; 0.05). The CC rs1800925 IL13 is significantly more common in Tuvan (81.6 %) compared with Russians (55.0 %) and Khakas (67.1 %) (p &lt; 0.05). Among Tuvans (81.6 %), this genotype also prevails over East Asian (66.3 %) and South Asian (63.8 %) populations, p &lt; 0,05. Allele T is significantly less common in Tuvans (10.1 %) than in European (17.8 %), East Asian (17.8 %) and South Asian (20.0 %) populations (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusions</title><p>   Conclusions. Rare alleles of the polymorphisms rs2243250 and rs2070874 IL4, associated with the development of bronchial asthma, are more common among Khakas and Tuvans compared with Russians. Genotype TT of the rs1800925 IL13, associated with bronchial hypersensitivity and increased total IgE level, is more common among Russians compared with Tuvans.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>IL4</kwd><kwd>IL13</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd><kwd>IL4</kwd><kwd>IL13</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках плановой темы № 124020100065-3 государственного задания для НИИ медицинских проблем Севера ФИЦ «Красноярский научный центр СО РАН»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the planned topic No. 124020100065-3 of the state task for the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of FRC “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Быстрицкая Е.В., Биличенко Т.Н. 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