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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250217</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2087</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комбинированная таргетная терапия (дабрафениб и траметиниб) в лечении метастатического BRAF V600E -позитивного анапластического рака щитовидной железы: клинические случаи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Combined target therapy (dabrafenib and trametinib) in the treatment of metastatic BRAF V600E -positive anaplastic thyroid cancer: clinical cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-1281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедев Сергей Сергеевич, д.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Sergey S. Lebedev, doctor of medical sciences </p><p> 125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedevssd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-3695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багателия</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagateliya</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багателия Зураб Антонович, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zurab A. Bagateliya, doctor of medical sciences, professor </p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p><p>125993, Moscow, Barrikadnaya st., 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bagateliaz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Константин Сергеевич, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin S. Titov, doctor of medical sciences, professor </p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ks-titov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8391-1210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Греков</surname><given-names>д Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grekov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Греков Дмитрий Николаевич, к.м.н.</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Grekov, candidate of medical sciences </p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p><p>125993, Moscow, Barrikadnaya st., 2/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grekov.doc@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5949-3229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Платонова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Platonova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Платонова Анна Геннадьевна</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Anna G. Platonova </p><p> 125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pagdiva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-1464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трушин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trushin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трушин Александр Юрьевич</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Alexandr Yu. Trushin </p><p> 125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdtrushin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9271-0789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тур</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tur</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тур Ирина Владиславовна</p><p>125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Irina V. Tur </p><p> 125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy dr., 5 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ira.tur.99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина;&#13;
Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина;&#13;
Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department;&#13;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедев С.С., Багателия З.А., Титов К.С., Греков д.Н., Платонова А.Г., Трушин А.Ю., Тур И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедев С.С., Багателия З.А., Титов К.С., Греков д.Н., Платонова А.Г., Трушин А.Ю., Тур И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedev S.S., Bagateliya Z.A., Titov K.S., Grekov D.N., Platonova A.G., Trushin A.Y., Tur I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2087">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2087</self-uri><abstract><p>Анапластический рак щитовидной железы (АРЩЖ) – это редкая форма злокачественных новообразований ЩЖ, характеризующаяся высокой агрессивностью и крайне неблагоприятным прогнозом. На данный момент рассматриваются две основные модели происхождения АРЩЖ: анапластическая карцинома возникает либо из ранее существовавших у пациента клеток высокодифференцированных опухолей ЩЖ путем дедифференцировки, либо de novo. От 20 до 50 % АРЩЖ имеют активирующие мутации V600E в гене BRAF. Комбинация двух таргетных препаратов дабрафениба и траметиниба продемонстрировала многообещающие результаты при ряде редких онкологических заболеваний с мутацией V600E в гене BRAF, в том числе в небольшой когорте пациентов с BRAFV600E-позитивным АРЩЖ. Мы представляем два клинических случая: лечение пациентов 74 лет и 71 года, у которых на фоне высокодифференцированной карциномы ЩЖ произошла дедифференцировка до АРЩЖ. У больных в ходе молекулярно-генетического анализа выявлена мутация V600E в гене BRAF. Оба пациента более 12 месяцев получают таргетную терапию по схеме: дабрафениб 300 мг ежедневно + траметиниб 2 мг ежедневно. Лечение переносят удовлетворительно, без значимых нежелательных явлений, данных за рецидив или прогрессирование болезни по данным контрольного обследования не получено. Качество жизни сохранено на высоком уровне. Заключение. В последние годы прогноз BRAFV600E-позитивной АРЩЖ стал лучше за счет новых методов лекарственного лечения, таких как таргетная терапия. Низкая распространенность АРЩЖ затрудняет проведение крупных рандомизированных клинических исследований, что делает особенно важной необходимость международных многоцентровых инициатив.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare form of thyroid malignancy with a high aggressiveness and an extremely poor prognosis. Currently, two main models of ATC origin are considered: anaplastic carcinoma arises either from a patient’s pre-existing highly differentiated thyroid tumor cells through dedifferentiation, or de novo. Between 20 and 50% of ATC have activating V600E mutations in the BRAF gene. The combination of the two targeted drugs dabrafenib and trametinib has shown promising results in a number of rare cancers with V600E mutations in the BRAF gene, including a cohort of patients with BRAF-positive ATC. We present two clinical cases, namely the treatment of two patients, aged 74 and 71, in whom, against the background of highly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, dedifferentiation to ATC occurred. Molecular genetic analysis revealed a BRAF V600E mutation in both patients. Both patients have been receiving targeted therapy for more than 12 months according to the regimen: Dabrafenib 300 mg daily + trametinib 2 mg daily. Treatment was tolerated satisfactorily, without significant adverse events, no data for relapse or progression of the disease were obtained according to follow-up examination. Quality of life was maintained at a high level. Conclusions. In recent years, the prognosis of BRAF-positive ATC has been improved by new drug therapies, such as targeted therapy. The low prevalence in the ATC makes it difficult to conduct large randomized clinical trials, making the need for international multicenter initiatives particularly important.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анапластический рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>мутация V600E в гене BRAF</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>дабрафениб</kwd><kwd>траметиниб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anaplastic thyroid carcinoma</kwd><kwd>BRAF V600E mutation</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>dabrafenib</kwd><kwd>trametinib</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chintakuntlawar A.V., Foote R.L., Kasperbauer J.L., Bible K.C Diagnosis and management of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North. 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