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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20250210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-2079</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOMEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование морфофункционального статуса макрофагов в спайках брюшной полости у крыс и при воздействии окисленным декстраном</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of the morphofunctional status of macrophages in abdominal adhesions in rats and on exposure to oxidized dextran</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-3998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Михаил Александрович, к.м.н,</p><p>630060, г. Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Mikhail A. Karpov, candidate of medical sciences </p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Timakova st., 2</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpov-ma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-1011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надеев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadeev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надеев Александр Петрович, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>630060, г. Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Aleksandr P. Nadeev, doctor of medical sciences, professor </p><p>630060, Novosibirsk, Timakova st., 2</p><p>630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadeevngma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-4216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкурупий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkurupiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шкурупий Вячеслав Алексеевич, д.м.н., проф., акад. РАН  </p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Vyacheslav A. Shkurupiy, doctor of medical sciences, professor, academician of the RAS </p><p> 630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sck@centercem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4507-093X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бгатова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bgatova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бгатова Наталия Петровна, д.б.н., проф.</p><p>630117, г. Новосибирск, ул. Арбузова, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Nataliya P. Bgatova, doctor of biological sciences, professor </p><p>630117, Novosibirsk, Arbuzova st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nataliya.bgatova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2032-4981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басова Анастасия Витальевна</p><p> 630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Anastasiya V. Basova </p><p> 630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basovvva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0740-1819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчек</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchek</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Волчек Мария Александровна</p><p> 630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Mariya A. Volchek </p><p> 630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.volcheck@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4458-1188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчек</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchek</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Волчек Александр Викторович, ORCID:  </p><p> 630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Aleksandr V. Volchek </p><p> 630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander@volcheck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины;&#13;
Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine;&#13;
Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины;&#13;
Шкурупий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine;&#13;
Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Шкурупий В.А., Бгатова Н.П., Басова А.В., Волчек М.А., Волчек А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Шкурупий В.А., Бгатова Н.П., Басова А.В., Волчек М.А., Волчек А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpov M.A., Nadeev A.P., Shkurupiy V.A., Bgatova N.P., Basova A.V., Volchek M.A., Volchek A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2079">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2079</self-uri><abstract><p>Спайки брюшной полости образуются в результате организации фибринозного экссудата, последующего фиброзирования в связи с низкой фагоцитарной активностью макрофагов, что связывают с их М1-статусом. Окисленный декстран (ОД) может ограничивать развитие фиброза, оказывая стимулирующее влияние на фагоцитоз.Цель исследования – изучение морфофункционального статуса макрофагов при формировании спаек брюшной полости в эксперименте и при воздействии ОД.Материал и методы. У самцов крыс Вистар (n = 30) моделировали спаечный процесс в брюшной полости. Животных разделили на три группы: группа 1 – контрольная, со спайками в брюшной полости; крысам группы 2 однократно вводили по 2 мл 5%-го водного раствора ОД; группу 3 составили интактные животные. Крыс выводили из эксперимента на 7-е и 21-е сутки. Проводили гистологическое иммуногистохимическое (IL-10, IFNγ, IL-1, TNFα, TGF-β) и электронно-микроскопическое исследование спаек брюшной полости, морфометрию структур.Результаты и их обсуждение. Макрофаги в спайках крыс групп 1 и 2 были больше, чем у интактных животных. На 7-е и 21-е сутки макрофаги крыс группы 2 были соответственно на 19 % и в 2,5 раза крупнее, чем у животных группы 1, содержали в цитоплазме больше фагосом, фаголизосом и шероховатого эндоплазматического ретикулума, к 21-м суткам ядерно-цитоплазматическое соотношение было смещено в сторону преобладания цитоплазмы. Экспрессия IFNγ в инфильтратах спаек у крыс группы 2 возрастала в 3,2 раза, указывая на большую фагоцитарную активность макрофагов. Экспрессия IL-10 и TGF-β на 7-е и 21-е сутки была представлена в большем количестве макрофагов крыс группы 2, чем группы 1 (в 2,7 и 4,1 раза соответственно), а IL-1 и TNFα ‒ в меньшем (в 4,6 и 3,2 раза соответственно), что соответствовало фенотипическим признакам макрофагов М2-типа. Заключение. Популяция макрофагов в воспалительных инфильтратах спаек брюшной полости гетерогенна, присутствуют признаки М1- и М2-типа. Под влиянием ОД фагоцитарная активность макрофагов М2-типа увеличивается, препятствуя формированию спаек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abdominal adhesions result from the organization of fibrinous exudate and subsequent fibrosis, attributed to the low phagocytic activity of macrophages associated with their M1 phenotype. Oxidized dextran (OD) can limit the development of fibrosis by exerting a stimulating effect on phagocytosis.The aim of the study is to investigate the morphofunctional status of macrophages during the formation of abdominal adhesions in an experimental model and under exposure to OD.Material and methods. In male Wistar rats (n = 30), the adhesive process in the abdominal cavity was simulated. The animals were divided into 3 groups: group 1 – control, with adhesions in the abdominal cavity; group 2 rats were injected once with 2 ml of OD 5 % aqueous solution; the 3rd group consisted of intact animals. The rats were removed from the experiment on the 7th and 21st days. Histological immunohistochemical (Il-10, IFNγ, Il-1, TNFα, TGF-β) and electron microscopic study of abdominal adhesions, morphometry of structures were performed.Results and discussion. Macrophages in adhesions of group 1 and 2 rats were larger, compared to those in intact animals. On days 7 and 21 macrophages in group 2 rats were 19 % and 2.5 times larger, respectively, compared to group 1 animals, contained in the cytoplasm a greater number of phagosomes, phagolysosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum, by the 21st day nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio was shifted towards the cytoplasm. The expression of IFNγ in the infiltrates of adhesions in group 2 rats increased 3,2-fold, indicating greater phagocytotic activity of macrophages. The expression of IL-10 and TGFβ on the 7th and 21st days was represented in a larger number of macrophages of group 2 than group 1 rats (2.7 and 4.1 times, respectively), but IL-1 and TNFα ‒ in a smaller number (4.6 and 3.2 times, respectively), which corresponded to the phenotypic characteristics of M2 macrophages.Conclusions. The population of macrophages in inflammatory infiltrates of abdominal adhesions is heterogeneous, there are signs of M1 and M2 type. Under the influence of OD, the phagocytic activity of M2 type macrophages increases, preventing the formation of adhesions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спайки</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>окисленный декстран</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>поляризация</kwd><kwd>ультраструктура</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adhesions</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>oxidized dextran</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>polarization</kwd><kwd>ultrastructure</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiseman D. Advances, retreats and challenges in adhesions research. Innova. 2016;2(3):7–29. doi: 10.21626/innova/2016.2/01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiseman D. Advances, retreats and challenges in adhesions research. 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