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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15372/SSMJ20190402</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOMEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА СПЕЦИФИЧНОЙ ЭНДОТЕЛИОТОКСИЧНОСТИ КАЛЬЦИЙ-ФОСФАТНЫХ БИОНОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LYSOSOME-DEPENDENT CELL DEATH DEFINES SPECIFIC ENDOTHELIAL TOXICITY OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-3888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкова</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkova</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shishkovadk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-1956</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Великанова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Velikanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., </p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of biological sciences</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">telella@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамадияров</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamadiyarov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1263-1158</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of biological sciences</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rem57@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-6653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Южалин</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuzhalin</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., </p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of medical sciences</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuzhalin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6134-7468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н.,</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of biological sciences</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jackie1970@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6970-9542</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.х.н.,</p><p>650000, г. Кемерово, просп. Советский, 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of chemical sciences</p><p>650000, Kemerovo, Sovetsky av., 18</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">h991@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-7530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руссаков</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Russakov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650000, г. Кемерово, ул. Красная, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>650000, Kemerovo, Krasnaya str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dm.russakov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-4857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутихин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutikhin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., </p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of medical sciences</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnovy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonkutikhin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт углехимии и химического материаловедения ФИЦ угля и углехимии СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Coal Сhemistry and Material Science, Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>39</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шишкова Д.К., Великанова Е.А., Мухамадияров Р.А., Южалин А.Е., Кудрявцева Ю.А., Попова А.Н., Руссаков Д.М., Кутихин А.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шишкова Д.К., Великанова Е.А., Мухамадияров Р.А., Южалин А.Е., Кудрявцева Ю.А., Попова А.Н., Руссаков Д.М., Кутихин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shishkova D.K., Velikanova E.A., Mukhamadiyarov R.A., Yuzhalin A.E., Kudryavtseva Y.A., Popova A.N., Russakov D.M., Kutikhin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/203">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/203</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – идентифицировать механизм специфичной токсичности кальций-фосфатных бионов (КФБ) для эндотелия. Материал и методы. Искусственно синтезированные путем перенасыщения культуральной среды соответствующими солями КФБ и магний-фосфатные бионы (МФБ) были добавлены к культурам эндотелиальных клеток человека линии EA.hy 926 и эндотелиальных клеток мыши линии 2H-11 с целью изучения пространственно-временных аспектов интернализации бионов эндотелиальными клетками методами просвечивающей электронной и конфокальной микроскопии, анализа влияния блокады вакуолярной H+-АТФазы при помощи лизосомального ингибитора бафиломицина A1 на эндотелиотоксичность бионов, а также оценки экспрессии каспазы-3 и ее субстрата поли(АДФ-рибоза)-полимеразы (PARP-1). Результаты. КФБ поглощались эндотелиальными клетками уже через 1 ч после их добавления и были локализованы в лизосомах; спустя 4 ч наблюдалось выделение ионов кальция из лизосом в цитозоль, сопровождавшееся многократным повышением концентрации каспазы-3 и ее субстрата PARP-1. Добавление в культуральную среду бафиломицина A1 позволяло эндотелиальным клеткам избежать индуцируемой малорастворимыми КФБ гибели независимо от его дозы и времени экспозиции, при этом высокорастворимые МФБ не обладали эндотелиотоксичностью независимо от добавления бафиломицина A1. Заключение. Поглощаясь эндотелиальными клетками, КФБ инициируют их гибель вследствие своего растворения в лизосомах и последующего выделения в цитозоль ионов кальция, опосредованно активирующих каспазы. В свою очередь, МФБ не обладают эндотелиотоксичностью, поскольку при их растворении в лизосомах не происходит выделения ионов кальция. Таким образом, механизмом специфичной эндотелиотоксичности КФБ является лизосомально-опосредованная клеточная гибель.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim of the study was to identify the mechanism of specific endothelial toxicity related to calcium phosphate bions (CPB). Material and methods. CPB and magnesium phosphate bions (MPB) were artificially synthesised through supersaturation of culture medium with respective salts and then added to human endothelial cells (EA.hy 926) and murine endothelial cells (2H-11) to study: 1) spatiotemporal aspects of bion internalisation by means of transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy; 2) whether blocking of H+-ATPase by lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A1 affects endothelial toxicity of bions; 3) expression of caspase-3 and its substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1). Results. CPB were internalized by endothelial cells as early as 1 h upon their addition and were localized in lysosomes; after 4 h, we detected release of calcium ions (Ca2+) from lysosomes to cytosol accompanied by multifold increase in cleaved caspase 3 and its substrate PARP-1. Bafilomycin A1 rescued endothelial cells from death induced by slightly soluble CPB regardless of exposure time and dose; however, freely soluble MPB did not evince endothelial toxicity regardless of bafilomycin A1 addition. Conclusion. Upon internalization by endothelial cells, CPB cause their death due to dissolution in lysosomes and subsequent release of calcium ions into the cytosol, ultimately leading to cleavage of executioner caspases. MPB lack endothelial toxicity because their dissolution does not lead to release of calcium ions. Therefore, specific endothelial toxicity of CPB is defined by lysosome-dependent cell death.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бионы</kwd><kwd>фосфат кальция</kwd><kwd>гидроксиапатит</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>эндотелий</kwd><kwd>лизосомы</kwd><kwd>клеточная гибель</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bions</kwd><kwd>calcium phosphate</kwd><kwd>hydroxyapatite</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>endothelium</kwd><kwd>lysosomes</kwd><kwd>cell death</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Комплексной программы фундаменталь- ных научных исследований СО РАН в рамках фундаментальной темы НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно- сосудистых заболеваний № 0546-2015-0011 «Патогенетическое обоснование разработки имплантатов для сер- дечно-сосудистой хирургии на основе биосовместимых материалов, с реализацией пациент-ориентированного подхода с использованием математического моделирования, тканевой инженерии и геномных предикторов».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the complex program of SB RAS within the Basic Research Topic of Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases No. 0546-2015-0011 «Pathogenetic basis for the development of cardiovascular implants from biocompatible materials using patient-oriented approach, mathematical modeling, tissue engineering, and genomic predictors».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кутихин А.Г., Синицкий М.Ю., Понасенко А.В. 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