sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20250102sibmed-1948Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПроизводные бензимидазола с противосудорожной активностью и их фармакологические мишениВenzimidazole derivatives with anticonvulsant activity and their pharmacological targetshttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8669-677XМатвеевА. Д.MatveevA. D.

Александр Дмитриевич Матвеев

400131; пл. Павших Борцов, 1; Волгоград

Alexandr D. Matveev

400131; Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1; Volgograd

alexandr0909m@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-7494-5460ШиршинаА. М.ShirshinaA. M.

Анастасия Максимовна Ширшина, 

400131; пл. Павших Борцов, 1; Волгоград

Anastasiya M. Shirshina

400131; Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1; Volgograd

Anastasia.shirshina.99@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-693XПридворовГ. В.PridvorovG. V.

Глеб Васильевич Придворов, 

400131; пл. Павших Борцов, 1; Волгоград

Gleb V. Pridvorov

400131; Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1; Volgograd

gleb.pridvorov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-905XМухаО. Ю.MukhaO. Yu.

Ольга Юрьевна Муха

400131; пл. Павших Борцов, 1; 400087; ул. Новороссийская, 39; Волгоград

Olga Yu. Mukha

400131; Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1; 400087; Novorossiyskaya st., 39; Volgograd

olay.myha14@gmail.comВолгоградский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава РоссииРоссияVolgograd State Medical University of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian FederationВолгоградский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Волгоградский медицинский научный центрРоссияVolgograd State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia; Volgograd Medical Research CenterRussian FederationВолгоградский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Научный центр инновационных лекарственных средств Волгоградского государственного медицинского университета Минздрава РоссииРоссияVolgogScientific Center for Innovative Drugs of Volgograd State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russiarad State Medical University of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation2025250220254511533Copyright © Матвеев А.Д., Ширшина А.М., Придворов Г.В., Муха О.Ю., 20252025Матвеев А.Д., Ширшина А.М., Придворов Г.В., Муха О.Ю.Matveev A.D., Shirshina A.M., Pridvorov G.V., Mukha O.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1948

   Рассмотрены ключевые биомолекулярные мишени, принимающие участие в контроле нейрональной возбудимости, представлены актуальные данные о соединениях ряда бензимидазолов. Особое внимание уделено анализу зависимости между их структурой и противосудорожной активностью. Обзор литературы показал, что производные бензимидазола способны осуществлять модуляцию ионных каналов, рецепторов и других мишеней, вовлеченных в эпилептогенез, что делает их перспективной основой для разработки новых противоэпилептических препаратов; способны усиливать ГАМК-ергическую нейротрансмиссию, демонстрируя выраженные противосудорожные свойства на различных экспериментальных моделях эпилепсии; обладают антагонистическим действием в отношении NMDA-рецепторов, что способствует снижению гипервозбудимости нейронов и нейропротекторному эффекту; оказывают влияние на кальциевые Т-каналы и каналы TRPM7, которые являются важными мишенями для лечения абсанс-эпилепсии и предотвращения рецидивов эпилептического статуса. Селективные агонисты каппа-опиоидных рецепторов также обладают антиконвульсивным действием и способностью блокировать эксайтотоксичность. Рассмотрены лиганды, которые воздействуют на рецепторы, активируемые пероксисомным пролифератором гамма, KV7-каналы, пуриновые P2X3-рецепторы. Дальнейшие исследования в этой области могут привести к созданию более эффективных и безопасных лекарственных средств.

   Key biomolecular targets involved in regulating neuronal excitability are discussed, and recent findings on benzimidazole derivatives exhibiting anticonvulsant activity are presented. The relationship between their structure and anticonvulsant activity is closely analyzed. The literature review revealed that benzimidazoles possess diverse biological activities and significant potential for modulating ion channels, receptors, and other targets implicated in epileptogenesis, making them a promising scaffold for the development of novel antiepileptic drugs; can enhance GABAergic neurotransmission,showing strong anticonvulsant properties in various experimental models of epilepsy; antagonize NMDA receptors, which helps reduce neuronal hyperexcitability and provides neuroprotective effects; modulate T-type calcium channels and TRPM7 channels, which are important targets for treating absence epilepsy and preventing relapses of status epilepticus. Selective kappa opioid receptor agonists also demonstrate anticonvulsant effects and the ability to block excitotoxicity. Ligands that act on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma, KV7 channels, and purine P2X3 receptors are also considered. Continued research in this field may lead to the discovery of effective and well-tolerated medications for managing epilepsy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.