sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20240604sibmed-1833Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSБронхиальная астма в эпоху персонализированной медициныBronchial asthma in the era of personalized medicinehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-4515ИбишеваА. Х.IbishevaA. Kh.

Ибишева Асет Хамидовна.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Aset Kh. Ibisheva.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

ibisheva18@mail.ruШахгирееваМ. Р.ShakhgireevaM. R.

Шахгиреева Мадина Руслановна, к.м.н.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Madina R. Shakhgireeva - candidate of medical sciences.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

zlata-28@mail.ruХильдихароеваА. Б.KhildikharoevaA. B.

Хильдихароева Ася Багаудиновна.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Asya B. Khildikharoeva.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

asya.khildharoeva@mail.ruУспановаЛ. С.UspanovaL. S.

Успанова Линда Сулиймановна.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Linda S. Uspanova.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

linda/udpanova96@mail.ruШамсадоваС. А.ShamsadovaS. A.

Шамсадова Сайхат Амхадовна.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Saikhat A. Shamsadova.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

shamsadova@mail.ruДжабраиловаЛ. В.-М.DzhabrailovaL. V.-M.

Джабраилова Линда Ваха-Мурадовна.

364059, Грозный, ул. И.И. Бисултанова, 101

Linda V.-M. Dzhabrailova.

364059, Grozny, I.I. Bisultanova st., 101

djabrailova.linda@mail.ruРеспубликанская детская клиническая больница им. Е.П. Глинки Минздрава Чеченской республикиРоссияGlinka Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Chechen RepublicRussian Federation2024060120254464147Copyright © Ибишева А.Х., Шахгиреева М.Р., Хильдихароева А.Б., Успанова Л.С., Шамсадова С.А., Джабраилова Л.В., 20252025Ибишева А.Х., Шахгиреева М.Р., Хильдихароева А.Б., Успанова Л.С., Шамсадова С.А., Джабраилова Л.В.Ibisheva A.K., Shakhgireeva M.R., Khildikharoeva A.B., Uspanova L.S., Shamsadova S.A., Dzhabrailova L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1833

Бронхиальная астма является растущим бременем для системы здравоохранения во всем мире, преимущественно поражая население стран с низким уровнем дохода. Повсеместный рост заболеваемости оказывает существенное негативное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. Отсутствие радикального лечения астмы на протяжении многих лет можно объяснить недостаточным пониманием механизмов ее развития. В настоящее время признана гетерогенность бронхиальной астмы, которая отражается в многочисленных факторах риска. Достижения в изучении различных аспектов патогенеза этого сложного заболевания способствуют разработке новых и более эффективных терапевтических подходов. Понимание фенотипирования и эндотипирования астмы является важным аспектом, от которого зависит эффективность того или иного биологического препарата. Своевременная диагностика и правильно подобранная терапия предотвращают прогрессирование заболевания и позволяют добиться длительной ремиссии бронхиальной астмы. Многолетняя история изучения вопросов этиопатогенеза заболевания принесла прогрессивные перемены в эффективности его лечения. Целью настоящей работы является обзор фенотипических особенностей бронхиальной астмы, а также индивидуализированных методов лечения тяжелой астмы, прогностических и мониторинговых биомаркеров биологических препаратов. Поиск проведён с использованием баз данных PubMed, EMBASE. Использовались ключевые слова: «бронхиальная астма», «фенотипы астмы», «эндотипы астмы», «биомаркеры астмы».

Bronchial asthma is a growing burden on the health system worldwide, mainly affecting population of low-income countries. The widespread growth of morbidity has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients. The lack of radical treatment of asthma for many years can be explained by a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of its development. Currently, the heterogeneity of bronchial asthma is recognized, which is reflected in numerous risk factors. Advances in various aspects of the pathogenesis of this complex disease contribute to the development of new and more effective therapeutic approaches. Understanding the phenotyping and endotyping of asthma is an important aspect on which the effectiveness of a particular biological drug depends. Timely diagnosis and well-chosen therapy prevent the progression of the disease and allow achieving a long-term remission of bronchial asthma. The long-term history of studying the disease etiopathogenesis has brought progressive changes in the effectiveness of its treatment. The purpose of this work is to review the phenotypic features of bronchial asthma, as well as individualized treatment methods for severe asthma, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers of biological drugs. The search was conducted using PubMed, and EMBASE databases. The following keywords were used: “bronchial asthma”, “asthma phenotypes”, “asthma endotypes”, “asthma biomarkers”.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.