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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20240515</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-1714</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOMEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимодействие фактора некроза опухоли-альфа и интерферона-гамма с фагоцитарными клетками бронхов у больных неаллергической бронхиальной астмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interaction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma with bronchial phagocytic cells in non-allergic bronchial asthma patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5846-3276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пирогов Алексей Борисович, к.м.н</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey B. Pirogov, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>675000, Blagoveshchensk, Kalinina st., 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-7380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prihodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Приходько Анна Григорьевна, д.м.н.</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna G. Prihodko, doctor of medical sciences</p><p>675000, Blagoveshchensk, Kalinina st., 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prih-anya@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-7392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пирогова Наталья Алексеевна, к.м.н.</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Pirogova, candidate of medical sciences</p><p>675000, Blagoveshchensk, Kalinina st., 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia.piroghova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9411-7474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>Ju. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Перельман Юлий Михайлович, д.м.н., чл.-корр. РАН</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Juliy M. Perelman, doctor of medical sciences, corresponding member of RAS</p><p>675000, Blagoveshchensk, Kalinina st., 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>44</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>137</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Пирогова Н.А., Перельман Ю.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Пирогова Н.А., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prihodko A.G., Pirogova N.A., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1714">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1714</self-uri><abstract><p>Вклад иммунорегуляторных цитокинов в формирование холодовой гиперреактивности дыхательных путей у больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) важен для понимания подходов к терапии. Цель исследования – изучить взаимодействие фактора некроза опухоли-альфа (TNF-α) и интерферона-гамма (IFN-γ) с фагоцитами бронхов у больных неаллергической БА в зависимости от реакции дыхательных путей на холодный воздух. Материал и методы. У 41 больного БА выполняли стандартный мониторинг клинических симптомов заболевания с оценкой уровня контроля над БА по вопроснику Asthma Control Test (АСТ), базовую спирометрию, сбор индуцируемой и спонтанно продуцируемой мокроты, а также конденсата выдыхаемого воздуха (КВВ), проведение бронхопровокационной пробы изокапнической гипервентиляции холодным (–20 ºС) воздухом (ИГХВ), анализировали содержание TNF-α, IFN-γ в КВВ и клеточный состав мокроты. Результаты. У 15 больных выявлена холодовая гиперреактивность дыхательных путей (группа 1), у 26 человек (группа 2) реакция бронхов на ИГХВ отсутствовала. По уровню контроля над астмой (17,1 ± 0,89 и 18,7 ± 0,63 баллов АСТ; р &gt; 0,05) и показателям вентиляционной функции легких (ОФВ1 91,2 ± 4,07 и 98,8 ± 2,61 % соответственно; р &gt; 0,05) не было межгрупповых различий. В ответ на ИГХВ в мокроте больных группы 1 значимо увеличивалось количество нейтрофилов, снижалось число макрофагов, структурно целостных эпителиальных клеток, пропорционально чему в КВВ достоверно увеличивался уровень IFN-γ, содержание TNF-α не изменялось. Заключение. Реакция на ИГХВ у больных неаллергической БА с холодовой гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей характеризуется повышением в конденсате выдыхаемого воздуха уровня IFN-γ при отсутствии достоверных изменений содержания TNF-α. Увеличение доли нейтрофилов в мокроте под влиянием холодового стимула сопровождается уменьшением количества макрофагов и структурно целостных эпителиальных клеток в результате воспалительного повреждения, деструкции и цитолиза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The contribution of immunoregulatory cytokines to the formation of cold airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma patients is important for understanding approaches to therapy. Aim of the study was to investigate the interaction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) with bronchial phagocytes in non-allergic asthma patients depending on the airway response to cold air. Material and methods. In 41 patients with asthma, standard monitoring of clinical symptoms of the disease was performed with assessment of the level of asthma control using the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire, basic spirometry, collection of induced and spontaneously produced sputum, as well as exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and a bronchoprovocation test of isocapnic hyperventilation with cold (–20 ºС) air (IHCA), the content of TNF-α, IFN-γ in EBC and cellular composition of sputum. Results. Cold airway hyperresponsiveness was revealed in 15 patients (group 1), and in 26 patients (group 2) bronchial reaction to IHCA was absent. There were no intergroup differences in the level of asthma control (17.1 ± 0.89 and 18.7 ± 0.63 ACT points, respectively; p &gt; 0.05) and indices of lung function (FEV1 91.2 ± 4.07 and 98.8 ± 2.61 %, respectively; p &gt; 0.05). In response to IHCA in sputum of group 1 patients, the number of neutrophils significantly increased, the number of macrophages, structurally integral epithelial cells decreased, proportionally to this, the level of IFN-γ increased significantly in EBC, TNF-α content did not change. Conclusions. The response to isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air in non-allergic asthma patients with cold airway hyperresponsiveness is characterized by an increase in the level of IFN-γ in the exhaled breath condensate with no significant changes in the content of TNF-α. The increase in the proportion of neutrophils in sputum under the influence of cold stimulus is accompanied by a decrease in the number of macrophages and structurally integral epithelial cells because of inflammatory damage, destruction and cytolysis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма неаллергического фенотипа</kwd><kwd>холодовая гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>фактор некроза опухоли-альфа</kwd><kwd>интерферон-гамма</kwd><kwd>М1-макрофаги</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы бронхов</kwd><kwd>Тh1-иммунный ответ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma of non-allergic phenotype</kwd><kwd>cold airway hyperresponsiveness</kwd><kwd>tumor necrosis factor-alpha</kwd><kwd>interferon-gamma</kwd><kwd>M1 macrophages</kwd><kwd>bronchial neutrophils</kwd><kwd>Th1 immune response</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu X., Ivashkiv L.B. 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