sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20240311sibmed-1552Research ArticleФИЗИОЛОГИЯPHYSIOLOGYПолиморфизм гена рецептора окситоцина (OXTR rs53576) и характеристики поведения у подростковPolymorphic variants of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR rs53576) and psychosocial characteristics in adolescenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-0429АфоничеваК. В.AfonichevaK. V.

Афоничева Ксения Васильевна

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г

Kseniya V. Afonicheva

660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g

kseniya.kopylova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029СмольниковаМ. В.SmolnikovaM. V.

Смольникова Марина Викторовна, к.б.н.

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г

Marina V. Smolnikova, candidate of biological sciences

660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g

smarinv@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6724-1058ШубинаМ. В.ShubinaM. V.

Шубина Маргарита Викторовна

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г

Margarita V. Shubina

660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g

marg-shubina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859ТерещенкоС. Ю.TereshchenkoS. Yu.

Терещенко Сергей Юрьевич, д.м.н, проф.

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г

Sergey Yu. Tereshchenko, doctor of medical sciences, professor

660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., 3g

legise@mail.ruНИИ медицинских проблем Севера ФИЦ «Красноярский научный центр СО РАН»РоссияResearch Institute of Medical Problems of the North of Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of SB RASRussian Federation202403072024443100107Copyright © Афоничева К.В., Смольникова М.В., Шубина М.В., Терещенко С.Ю., 20242024Афоничева К.В., Смольникова М.В., Шубина М.В., Терещенко С.Ю.Afonicheva K.V., Smolnikova M.V., Shubina M.V., Tereshchenko S.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1552

Подростковый период является одним из самых сложных в жизни человека. На поведение подростка оказывает влияние множество факторов, в том числе социальная среда, внутренние установки и гормональный фон. Одним из важных гормонов, способных изменять поведение, является окситоцин – чрезвычайно важный просоциальный нейропептид, который влияет на установление социальных связей с раннего возраста. Влияние окситоцина на психоэмоциональное состояние достаточно индивидуально и может зависеть от возраста, пола, этнокультурных факторов, социального окружения, наличия стрессовых факторов, особенностей личности. Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о взаимосвязи между повышенной концентрацией окситоцина и наличием развитых социальных контактов. Целью исследования было выявление ассоциации между психосоциальными характеристиками у подростков разного пола и полиморфизмом rs53576 гена рецептора окситоцина. Материал и методы. Выполнено психологическое и генетическое тестирование подростков 11–18 лет, проживающих на территории Ангаро-Енисейского макрорегиона. Оценка психического здоровья проводилась с помощью русскоязычной версии опросника «Сильные стороны и трудности» Р. Гудмана. Результаты и их обсуждение. Генотип АА rs53576 OXTR чаще встречается у мальчиков, чем у девочек (соответственно 20,8 и 14,3 %, p = 0,03). Ранее показана ассоциация аллеля А rs53576 OXTR с нарушениями социального поведения и депрессией. У мальчиков – носителей генотипа АА rs53576 OXTR, наблюдаются значимо большие баллы (пограничные значения) по шкалам «Эмоциональные симптомы» и «Проблемы общения со сверстниками» по сравнению с носителями генотипов GA и GG. Заключение. Доказательства различающихся индивидуальных психосоциальных последствий высокой активности окситоцинергической системы в зависимости от контекста социального окружения позволило сформулировать «гипотезу социальной значимости окситоцина». Проблемы в общении со сверстниками у подростков с выраженной социальной эмпатией и альтруистическими личностными характеристиками могут быть успешно преодолены. Во многом здесь способны помочь как общая направленность педагогического процесса в сторону одобрения просоциального поведения, так и социально значимые личности, которых подростки могут воспринимать как пример для подражания.

Adolescence is one of the most difficult period in the person’s life. Adolescent behavior is influenced by many factors, including the social environment, internal attitudes and hormonal levels. One of the important hormones that can change behavior is oxytocin – an extremely important prosocial neuropeptide that influences social bonding from an early age. The effect of oxytocin on the psycho-emotional state is quite individual and may depend on age, gender, ethnocultural factors, social environment, the presence of stress factors, and personality traits. The results of the studies indicate the relationship between the increased concentration of oxytocin and the presence of developed social contacts. The aim of this work was to identify an association between psychosocial characteristics in adolescent of different gender and rs53576 polymorphism of the oxytocin receptor gene. Material and methods. Psychological and genetic testing of adolescents aged 11–18 living in the territory of the Angara-Yenisei macroregion was carried out. Mental health assessment was carried out using the Russian version of the questionnaire “Strengths and difficulties” by R. Goodman. Results and discussion. The rs53576 OXTR AA genotype is more frequent in boys than in girls (20.8 % vs. 14.3 %, p = 0.03). The association of the rs53576 OXTR A allele with social behavior disorders and depression was previously shown. Boys carrying the AA genotype have significantly higher scores (borderline values) on the scales of “Emotional symptoms” and “Problems communicating with peers” compared with carriers of the GA and GG genotypes. Conclusions. Evidences of differing individual psychosocial consequences of high activity of the oxytocinergic system, depending on the context of the social environment, allowed us to formulate the “hypothesis of the social significance of oxytocin”. Problems in communication with peers in adolescents with pronounced social empathy and altruistic personal characteristics can be successfully overcome. Both the general orientation of the pedagogical process towards the approval of prosocial behavior, and socially significant personalities, whom adolescents can perceive as an example to follow, can help in many ways.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.