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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20240107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-1390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ремоделирование экстракраниальных вен и венозноартериальный дисбаланс при наружном стенозе и гипоплазии внутренних яремных вен</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Remodeling of extracranial veins and venous-arterial imbalance in extrinsic stenosis and hypoplasia of the internal jugular veins</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-606X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенов Станислав Евгеньевич, д.м.н. </p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый б-р, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav E. Semenov, doctor of medical sciences </p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnoviy blvd., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_semenov_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-0591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарчук</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarchuk</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бондарчук Дмитрий Владимирович </p><p>127051, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, 24, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Bondarchuk </p><p>12705, Moscow, Petrovka st., 124/1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-9937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малков</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малков Иван Николаевич </p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый б-р, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan N. Malkov </p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Sosnoviy blvd., 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-4586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатохина Мария Геннадьевна, к.м.н.</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria G. Shatokhina, candidate of medical sciences </p><p>197341, St. Petersburg, Akkuratova st., 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический клинический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre of Minzdrav of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>44</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенов С.Е., Бондарчук Д.В., Малков И.Н., Шатохина М.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенов С.Е., Бондарчук Д.В., Малков И.Н., Шатохина М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov S.E., Bondarchuk D.V., Malkov I.N., Shatokhina M.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1390">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1390</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнение параметров гемодинамики и последовательности ремоделирования яремных и внеяремных путей оттока мозговой венозной крови при наружном стенозе и гипоплазии внутренней яремной вены (ВЯВ). Материал и методы. Сравнены группы с наружной компрессией и стенозом ВЯВ (n = 50), с гипоплазией ВЯВ (n = 27), после перевязки/резекции ВЯВ (n = 6) в качестве модели окклюзии ВЯВ с клиникой минимальной церебральной венозной недостаточности и венозной энцефалопатии, контрольная группа (n = 31). Всем выполнены неврологический осмотр, ультразвуковое исследование ВЯВ (J2 и на уровне стеноза), общей сонной и позвоночной артерий (V2), а также магнитно-резонансная (МР) венография вен шеи 2DToF или 3DToF. Определяли степень стеноза ВЯВ, площадь поперечного сечения и усредненную скорость кровотока, расчетный показатель венозно-артериального баланса (ВАБ) по модифицированной формуле. Результаты и их обсуждение. В группе наружной компрессии ВЯВ стеноз в среднем составил 64,52 %. Площадь ВЯВ в месте стеноза была в 6 раз, а в стандартном месте (J2) – в 3 раза меньше, чем площадь противоположной ВЯВ. Гипоплазированная ВЯВ на всем протяжении (от J1 до J3) имела одинаковую площадь (0,21 ± 0,12 см2 ), контуры ровные, без локальных расширений или сужений. Для стеноза характерна очень низкая скорость кровотока (10,2 ± 11,67 см/с) в отличие от нормальной скорости в гипоплазированной вене и в контрольной группе. Скорость кровотока в контралатеральной ВЯВ при наружном стенозе не отличается от нормальной, но при гипоплазии повышена (34,62 ± 12,23 см/с). При МР-венографии возможны обнаружение стенозирующего фактора, симптомов дефекта наполнения, снижения или потери сигнала кровотока, оценка общей картины ремоделирования венозной сети шеи. Уменьшение площади ВЯВ на стороне поражения/аномалии соответствует отрицательному, а расширение противоположной ВЯВ – положительному ремоделированию. При сохранении обструкции расширяется гомолатеральная, затем контралатеральная наружная яремная вена, позвоночные вены и сплетения, спинномозговые эпидуральные вены, передние яремные и задние шейные вены. Величина ВАБ на стороне аномалии/патологии при гипоплазии не отличалась от значения при стенозе (9 %), но была несколько меньше, чем на противоположной ВЯВ (соответственно 53,39 ± 13,40 и 67,24 ± 18,02 %, p &lt; 0,06) и существенно меньше по сравнению с контролем (24,16 ± 8,06 % слева и 33,15 ± 8,27 % справа, p &lt; 0,0001), что делает этот показатель хорошим дополнительным критерием ненормальности оттока по ВЯВ одной стороны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to compare hemodynamic parameters, the sequence of remodeling of the jugular and extrajugular outflow tracts of cerebral venous circulation in extrinsic stenosis and hypoplasia of the internal jugular vein (IJV). Material and methods. Groups with external compression and IJV stenosis (n = 50), with IJV hypoplasia (n = 27), and after IJV ligation/resection (n = 6) as a model of IJV occlusion with a minimal cerebral venous insufficiency and venous encephalopathy and control group (n = 31) were compared. All patients underwent a neurological examination, ultrasound duplex scanning of the IJV (J2 and at the level of stenosis), common carotid and vertebral artery (V2), 2DToF or 3DToF magnetic resonance venography of the neck veins. The degree of stenosis of the IJV, the crosssectional area and the time average blood flow velocity, the calculated indicator of the venous-arterial balance (VAB) were determined according to the modified formula. Results and discussion. In the group of external compression of the IJV, stenosis averaged 64.52 %. The area of the IJV at the site of stenosis was 6 times, and at the standard place (J2) – 3 times less than the area of the opposite IJV. The hypoplastic IJV throughout its entire length (from J1 to J3) had the same area (0.21 ± 0.12 cm2 ), smooth contours, without local expansions or narrowings. A very low blood flow velocity (10.2 ± 11.67 cm/s) is characteristic for stenosis, in contrast to the normal velocity in the hypoplastic vein and in the control group. The blood flow velocity in the contralateral IJV with external stenosis does not differ from normal, but it is increased with hypoplasia (34.62 ± 12.23 cm/s). With MR venography, it is possible to detect a stenosing factor, symptoms of a filling defect, a decrease or loss of a blood flow signal, and an assessment of the overall picture of remodeling of the venous network of the neck. A decrease in the IJV area on the side of the lesion/anomaly corresponds to negative remodeling, while an expansion of the opposite IJV corresponds to positive remodeling. If the obstruction persists, the homolateral, then the contralateral external jugular vein expands, then the vertebral veins and plexuses, spinal epidural veins, anterior jugular and posterior cervical veins expand too. The magnitude of the IJV on the side of the anomaly/pathology with hypoplasia did not differ from the value with stenosis (9 %), but was slightly less than on the opposite IJV (53.39 ± 13.40 and 67.24 ± 18.02 %, respectively, p &lt; 0.06) and significantly less compared to the control (24.16 ± 8.06 % on the left and 33.15 ± 8.27 % on the right, p &lt; 0.0001), which makes this indicator a good additional criterion for outflow abnormality according to the IJV of one side.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>венозно-артериальный баланс</kwd><kwd>внутренняя яремная вена</kwd><kwd>наружный стеноз</kwd><kwd>гипоплазия</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная венография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>venous-arterial balance</kwd><kwd>internal jugular vein</kwd><kwd>extrinsic stenosis</kwd><kwd>hypoplasia</kwd><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance venography</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено в рамках фундаментальной темы НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний «Разработка инновационных моделей управления риском развития болезней системы кровообращения с учетом коморбидности на основе изучения фундаментальных, клинических, эпидемиологических механизмов и организационных технологий медицинской помощи в условиях промышленного региона Сибири» (научный руководитель – академик РАН О.Л. Барбараш).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was carried out within the framework of the fundamental theme of the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases «Development of innovative models for managing the risk of developing diseases of the circulatory system, taking into account comorbidity based on the study of fundamental, clinical, epidemiological mechanisms and organizational technologies of medical care in the industrial region of Siberia» (scientific supervisor – academician RAS O.L. Barbarash).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bateman A.R., Bateman G.A., Barber T. The relationship between cerebral blood flow and venous sinus pressure: can hyperemia induce idiopathic intracranial hypertension? 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