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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сибирский научный медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2512</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2520</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/SSMJ20230624</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibmed-1326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патологические изменения глиальных клеток в энтеральной нервной системе толстой кишки при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathological changes of glial cells in the enteric nervous system of the colon with chronic slow-transit constipation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумасов</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumasov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чумасов Евгений Иванович - д.б.н., проф..</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12; 196084, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул.Черниговская, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny I. Chumasov - doctor оf biological sciences, professor.</p><p>197022, Saint-Petersburg, Akademika Pavlova st., 12; 196084, St. Petersburg, Chernigovskaja st., 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1405-7660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майстренко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maistrenko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майстренко Николай Анатольевич - д.м.н., проф., академик РАН.</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Maistrenko - doctor оf medical sciences, professor, academician of the RAS.</p><p>194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academika Lebedeva st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nik.m.47@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1405-7660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ромащенко</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romashchenko</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ромащенко Павел Николаевич - д.м.н., проф., член-корр. РАН.</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel N. Romashchenko, doctor оf medical sciences, professor, corresponding member of RAS.</p><p>194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academika Lebedeva st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romashchenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самедов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samedov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самедов Вадим Бейбалаевич</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim B. Samedov</p><p>194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academika Lebedeva st., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samedov07@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-8658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Елена Сергеевна - к.б.н.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Petrova - candidate оf biological sciences.</p><p>197022, Saint-Petersburg, Akademika Pavlova st., 12</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iemmorphol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-8165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржевский</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhevskii</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коржевский Дмитрий Эдуардович - д.м.н., проф. РАН.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry E. Korzhevskii - doctor оf medical sciences, professor of the RAS.</p><p>197022, Saint-Petersburg, Akademika Pavlova st., 12</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iemmorphol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной медицины; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine; Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>43</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>202</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромащенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромащенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumasov E.I., Maistrenko N.A., Romashchenko P.N., Samedov V.B., Petrova E.S., Korzhevskii D.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1326">https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1326</self-uri><abstract><p>Вопросы, касающиеся природы глиальных клеток энтеральной нервной системы и их участия в патогенезе болезней ЖКТ, остаются малоизученными.</p><p>Цель работы – сравнительно-морфологическое изучение глиальных клеток в ганглиозных сплетениях энтеральной нервной системы и оценка состояния нейроглиальных взаимоотношений при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре (ХМТЗ) с помощью иммуногистохимических методов.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Работа выполнена на резекционном материале, полученном на кафедре факультетской хирургии им. С.П. Федорова Военно-медицинской академии им. С.М. Кирова при проведении плановых хирургических операций. Объектом исследования служили фрагменты сигмовидной и ободочной кишки, полученные в результате оперативного вмешательства по поводу ХМТЗ (пять случаев, женщины в возрасте 37–40 лет). Исследование проводили с применением иммуногистохимических глиальных маркеров (GFAP, белок S100β и др.).</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. В межмышечном ганглиозном сплетении толстой кишки обнаружены два типа глии. Астроцитоподобный тип имеет сходство с нейроглией ЦНС, нейролеммоцитарный – с глией автономной нервной системы. Установлено, что астроцитоподобная глия находится исключительно в ауэрбаховом ганглиозном сплетении, а нейролеммоциты – во всех иннервируемых тканях стенки кишки. При ХМТЗ в ауэрбаховом сплетении во всех случаях обнаружены реактивные, дистрофические и дегенеративные изменения нейроцитов и глиальных элементов. В нескольких случаях выявлены деструктивные изменения также в нейромышечных терминальных сплетениях подслизистой и слизистой оболочек, сопровождающиеся интерстициальным отеком и воспалительной моноцитарной реакцией, а также лейкоцитарной инфильтрацией слизистой оболочки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На основании полученных результатов авторы предлагают отнести ХМТЗ к разряду нейродегенеративных заболеваний.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The origin, development and differentiation of enteric nervous system neuroglia and its involvement in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases and neurodegenerative diseases have been little studied.</p><p>Aim of this work is a comparative morphological study of glial cells in the ganglionic plexuses of the enteric nervous system and analysis of neuroglial relationships in chronic slow-transit constipation using immunohistochemical methods.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Resection material obtained at the Department of Faculty Surgery, S.P. Fedorov Faculty of Surgery of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy during planned surgical operations was used. The objects of the study were fragments of the sigmoid and colon obtained as a result of surgery for chronic slow-transit constipation (five cases, women aged 37–40 years). The study was carried out using immunohistochemical glial markers (GFAP, S100β protein, etc.).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Two types of glia were found in the myenteric ganglionic plexus of the large intestine: astrocyte-like and neurolemmocytic. The astrocyte-like type is similar to the neuroglia of the central nervous system, the neurolemmocytic type is similar to the glia of the autonomic nervous system. It has been established that astrocyte-like glia is found only in the Aauerbach ganglionic plexus, while neurolemmocytes are found in all innervated tissues of the intestinal wall. Reactive, dystrophic and degenerative changes in neurocytes, glial elements, agangliogenosis in the Auerbach plexus were found in all cases of chronic slow-transit constipation. Destructive changes in the neuromuscular terminal plexuses, interstitial edema and inflammatory monocytic reaction and leukocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa and intestinal submucosa, found in several cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results obtained allow classifying chronic slow-transit constipation as a neurodegenerative disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ободочная</kwd><kwd>сигмовидная кишка человека</kwd><kwd>хронический медленно-транзитный запор</kwd><kwd>глия</kwd><kwd>белок S100β</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human colon</kwd><kwd>sigmoid colon</kwd><kwd>chronic slow-transit constipation</kwd><kwd>glia</kwd><kwd>S100β protein</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины», № документа 122020300199-5</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state assigment of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Institute of Experimental Medicine, document number 122020300199-5</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allen N.J., Barres B.A. Neuroscience: Glia – more than just brain glue. 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