sibmedСибирский научный медицинский журналСибирский научный медицинский журнал2410-25122410-2520ИЦиГ СО РАН10.18699/SSMJ20230202sibmed-1036Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРоль цитокинов в патогенезе злокачественных новообразованийThe role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasmshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-9774РыбкинаВ. Л.RybkinaV. L.

 Рыбкина Валентина Львовна, д.м.н.

456780, г. Озерск, Озерское шоссе, 19

  Valentina L. Rybkina, doctor of medical sciences 

456780, Ozersk, Ozerskoe highway, 19 

clinic@subi.suhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-4104АдамоваГ. В.AdamovaG. V.

 Адамова Галина Владимировна

456780, г. Озерск, Озерское шоссе, 19

  Galina V. Adamova 

456780, Ozersk, Ozerskoe highway, 19 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-7969ОслинаД. С.OslinaD. S.

 Ослина Дарья Сергеевна 

456780, г. Озерск, Озерское шоссе, 19

  Dar’ya S. Oslina 

456780, Ozersk, Ozerskoe highway, 19 

Южно-Уральский институт биофизики ФМБА РоссииРоссияSouthern Urals Biophysics Institute of the Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian Federation2023270420234321528Copyright © Рыбкина В.Л., Адамова Г.В., Ослина Д.С., 20232023Рыбкина В.Л., Адамова Г.В., Ослина Д.С.Rybkina V.L., Adamova G.V., Oslina D.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1036

В работе проведен анализ литературных данных о роли цитокинов в патогенезе злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО). Цитокины – биологически активные гормоноподобные белки, регулирующие широкий спектр процессов, протекающих в организме. Цитокины определяют тип и длительность иммунного ответа, стимуляцию или подавление роста клеток, их дифференцировку, функциональную активность. Комплекс цитокинов, продуцируемых в микроокружении опухоли, играет важную роль в патогенезе ЗНО. Спектры биологических активностей цитокинов в большинстве случаев перекрываются. Один и тот же процесс в клетке может стимулироваться более чем одним цитокином, создавать благоприятную среду для инициации и прогрессирования ЗНО. Иммунная система может распознавать трансформированные клетки. Различные цитокины соответствуют специфическим путям, активируемым рецепторами на поверхности клетки, которые в свою очередь активируют внутриклеточные сигнальные каскады, влияющие на целевые клеточные функции. Гены цитокинов взаимно связаны с онкогенами. Цитокины, которые высвобождаются в ответ на инфекцию, воспаление или в ходе иммунного ответа на антиген, могут подавлять развитие опухоли. В свою очередь цитокины, которые ослабляют апоптоз и способствуют инвазии и метастазированию, усиливают рост опухоли. Цитокины участвуют в инициации, развитии и метастазировании злокачественных новообразований посредством различных механизмов.

The paper analyzes the literature data on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms (MN). Cytokines are biologically active, hormone-like proteins that regulate a wide range of processes occurring in the body. Cytokines determine the type and duration of the immune response, stimulation or suppression of cell growth, their differentiation, and functional activity. The complex of cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MN. The spectra of biological activities of cytokines overlap in most cases. The same process in a cell can be stimulated by more than one cytokine, creating a favorable environment for the initiation and progression of MN. The immune system can recognize transformed cells. Various cytokines correspond to specifc pathways activated by receptors on the cell surface, which in turn cause intracellular signaling cascades that affect target cellular functions. Cytokine genes are mutually related to oncogenes. Cytokines, which are released in response to infection, inflammation, or during an immune response to an antigen, can inhibit tumor development. In turn, cytokines, which weaken apoptosis and promote invasion and metastasis, promote tumor growth. Cytokines are involved in the initiation, development and metastasis of malignant neoplasms through various mechanisms.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.